(渥太华15日加新社电)加拿大广播电视暨电讯委员会(CRTC)周二宣布收紧规则，限制媒体业权。根据新规则，在单一市场的电台、电视和报纸3种媒体中，个人或公司只能拥有其中两种。
新规则也限制广播持牌权，保证任何集团不得控制超过45%的电视观众占有率。
但主要媒体工会说，新规则未能改变目前大公司操控媒体市场的现状。
委员会的新规则不会批准电视网和卫星电视公司的交易，防范单个集团控制市场内的节目。
新措施限制全国两间主要卫生电视服务商，BellExpressvu和Star Choice的任何并购。分析家认为，两间公司应联合力量，成为网络电视营运商的最强竞争对手。
委员会主席芬克斯坦(Konrad von Finckenstein)说，新措施不追溯已完成的媒体并购行动。
加拿大广播及通讯管理委员会发言人说，业者拥有的报纸有多少种，不受委员会限制。委员会容许下述媒体业权：在单一市场，业者只能拥用1种语言的1个电视台；在大型市场，可以容有两个AM和两个FM广播电台；在小型市场，可以拥用3个电台，每个频道只能有两个。
广播及通讯管理委员会关注媒体“声音多元化”问题，但许多大媒体公司认为，在今日发展迅速的媒体产业中，并购十分必要。
加拿大广播之友(Friends of Canadian Broadcasting)的莫里逊(Ian Morrison)说，委员会的决定好，并购威胁多元化和民主。
但主要媒体工会如加拿大导演公会(Directors Guild of Canada)、加拿大传媒公会(Canadian Media Guild)、通讯能源和纸业工人工会(Communication, Energy and Paperworkers Union)反对有关决定。
这些工会多年来一直担心媒体并购的影响，传媒公会主席拉路(Lise Lareau)说：“决定未有改变现状，人们多年来都在投诉现状。”
纸业工会说，委员会对限制并购的措施不力，无法改变大公司现时操控媒体市场的局面。
News release
January 15, 2008
CRTC establishes a new approach to media ownership
OTTAWA-GATINEAU — The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) today introduced new policies to ensure that a diversity of voices is maintained in the Canadian broadcasting system.
“With these new policies, we have developed a clear approach to guide us in assessing future transactions in the broadcasting industry,” said Konrad von Finckenstein, Q.C., Chairman of the CRTC. “It is an approach that will preserve the plurality of editorial voices and the diversity of programming available to Canadians, both locally and nationally, while allowing for a strong and competitive industry.”
Further to its review, the Commission is satisfied that the broadcasting system currently provides Canadians with a range of news and information programming. For this reason, it reaffirmed its existing common ownership policies governing the number of conventional television and radio stations a person may control in the same market.
However, to maintain this plurality of editorial voices, the Commission is establishing a new policy restricting cross-media ownership. As a result, a person or entity will only be permitted to control two of the following types of media that serve the same market: a local radio station, a local television station or a local newspaper.
In addition, the Commission has conditionally approved the Journalistic Independence Code proposed by the Canadian Broadcast Standards Council (CBSC). In particular, the Commission directed the CBSC to include a minimum number of journalists on the panels that study complaints and to formalize the process used to select panel members. The principles set out in the Code will ensure a diversity of professional editorial voices and will eventually apply to all broadcasters who own a newspaper in the same market.
The trend toward greater consolidation in the broadcasting industry has raised concerns that a large ownership group could achieve a dominant position through acquisitions, which could bring about a reduction in the diversity of local, regional and national content. To address these concerns, the Commission has decided to:
impose limits on the ownership of broadcasting licences to ensure that one party does not control more than 45 per cent of the total television audience share as a result of a transaction; and
not approve transactions between companies that distribute television services (such as cable or satellite companies) that would result in one person effectively controlling the delivery of programming in a market.
The new policies announced today apply only to private broadcasters. The Commission will consider the contribution public broadcasters make to the diversity of voices during upcoming proceedings focusing on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and provincial educational broadcasters. The Commission will also undertake a comprehensive review of its policies relating to community broadcasters in the near future.
The CRTC
The CRTC is an independent, public authority that regulates and supervises broadcasting and telecommunications in Canada.
Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2008-4 [.htm] [.pdf]
Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2008-5 [.htm] [.pdf]
Reference documents: News release, “CRTC launches a proceeding to review the diversity of voices in the Canadian broadcasting system,” April 13, 2007
Broadcasting Notice of Public Hearing CRTC 2007-5 [.htm] [.pdf]
Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 2007-41 [.htm] [.pdf]
http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/NEWS/RELEASES/2008/r080115.htm
