-观点：这不是“平权”、是霸权
-大中社论：麦克琳杂志无需向华人社区道歉
-《麦克林》杂志是否该道歉？
观点：这不是“平权”、是霸权
大中报晓喻(2010-11-26 PM05:09)
“大学亚裔化”，《麦克琳杂志》自从刊载了这一内容的文章之后，就惹上了麻烦。连日来，谴责的声音不绝于耳，火药味也越来越浓。在我们华社，有人不但要求杂志社道歉，还要将文章作者开除。以维护所谓的平等权利为己任的平权会，也发出了要杂志社限期公开道歉的“最后通牒”。
区区一篇探讨性的文章，竟然产生了那么大的风波，如此之多的读者为此怒火中烧，这确实让许多人始料未及。作为一篇话题涉及到加拿大大学学生成份的文章，该文最惹人争议的还是“加国大学亚裔化”及“亚裔学生只知读书”的文字和言论。然而，当我们细心读罢全文，就不难发现，所有这些话，并非是文章作者的凭空想象，而是他所引用了被采访者，一些白人学生家长的原话。作为新闻媒体，《麦克琳杂志》完全有责任对加国的社会现象进行报道，记者也可以在文中表达自己的思考和关注。在多元化的加拿大这一民主国度里，这样做无疑有利于社会的进步、发展、完善。
作为华裔，我们自己都非常清楚，在我们华裔家长中，要求子女升大学或读名牌大学的比例远远高于我们的白人朋友。在华裔家长中“万般皆下品，唯有读书高”，望子成龙的传统观念也远强于其他族裔，在华裔社会中，又有多少家长会支持子女，为了自己的兴趣爱好，而选择将来赚钱少的专业，或者放弃考大学。在加国大学里，虽然不少华裔学生象其他学生一样乐于校园活动和社会公益，但也有更多的学生宁愿将这些时间放在自己的功课之上。如果我们不是偏执，就一定会看到，这些正是我们华裔对待读书学习，对待大学教育方面一个明显的特征。
《麦克琳杂志》的文章，虽然并没有写得面面俱到，但确实点出了目前在加国大学校园中，一种值得关注和思考的现象。由于产生这种现象的原因，和多年来我国移民来源越来越单元化、“亚裔化”有关，所以“大学的亚裔化”也并非亚裔，尤其是华裔的学生和家长们的过错，而是随着移民来源的现状所必然出现的结果。至少在相当一段时间之内，这种现象都不可能改变也无法改变，就算是麦克琳杂志的文章写的再过火，但是在将《人权宪章》当作圣典的加拿大，不会有学校够胆像美国那样，会对亚裔学生的入校设定族裔的比率限额。我们的华裔家长实在不值得为这样一篇文章而火冒三丈，更不应祭起种族歧视的大旗，来上纲上线。
长期以来，在我们加国的华裔族群中，每逢遇到社会上有关族裔的敏感话题，总是不由自主地开始神经过敏起来。进而以种族歧视罪名的大棍作为反击的武器。今年上半年，加拿大情报局长法登为了国家安全，提出了加国有政治人物受外国政府影响和控制的警示，这就被一些华裔尤其是社团人士扣上了“抹黑华裔”的罪名。他们不去反思在我们族群确实存在的这类问题，而是一味地要法登先生道歉，并且辞职。许多年前，多伦多的警政委员陈太也因为说了：由于多伦多士嘉堡地区的华人新移民涌入而出现了许多违规现象，从而导致白人居民向北迁移的话。这也被许多华裔认为她在歧视新移民，不仅逼她道歉更要当时的市长炒她的“鱿鱼”。如今《麦克琳杂志》因为这样一篇文章又遇上了同样的打着“反种族歧视”为名的声讨和谴责。
加拿大是多元族裔，多元文化的国家，作为少数族裔的华裔族群，不但可以享受和其他族裔一样的同等权利，也理应承受和他人一样的被质疑甚至被批评的冲击。在加国的媒体上，我们经常看到舆论对主流社会以及个别大公司在多元文化、族裔关系处理上的批评言论，可是从未见到被批评者会为之大发雷霆，逼媒体道歉并且要追求作者责任的事情发生。而我们华裔社区中的一些分人，却像“捧在手里怕摔了，含在嘴里怕化了”的玻璃婴孩，每逢听到社会上的批评言论，总是会联想到种族歧视，总会凛然不可侵犯的进行声讨，总要别人乖乖地道歉。
不要讲，麦克琳杂志的文章其实没什么原则错误，就算是有“错”，也只是文章作者的探讨性的观点和编辑的倾向而已，任何人对此不表认同，都可以写文章反驳，或者请专门的机构作专题调查写出报告，以正“视听”。因为一篇自己所不喜欢的文章而硬逼着媒体道歉，甚至要媒体开除记者，这已经逾越了维护平等权利的界限，几乎就是舆论警察，这并不是什么“平权”，而是“霸权”。
http://www.chinesenewsgroup.com/SMPApp/design/article.jsp?cate=6&artId=21961
大中社论：麦克琳杂志无需向华人社区道歉
Editorial：Maclean’s owes no apology to Chinese community
(2010-11-19 PM04:51),
加拿大著名的英文杂志《麦克琳》在2010年11月刊里发表了题为“太亚洲化？”的报道。这个由《麦克琳》记者Stephanie Findlay和Nicholas Köhler的报道在华人社区里反响极大，更有华人团体和读者称“太亚洲化？”一文在报道上不负责任，是种族歧视，他们要求《麦克琳》杂志向加拿大人公开道歉。
In November 2010, the renowned Canadian magazine Maclean’s published a report entitled “Too Asian?” The article, written by Maclean’s reporters Stephanie Findlay and Nicholas Köhler, has elicited a huge response from the Chinese community. In particular, several Chinese community organizations and readers claim that “Too Asian?” is an irresponsible, racially discriminatory piece of journalism, and have demanded that Maclean’s issue a public apology to all Canadians.
现在的问题是，“太亚洲化？”一文是否符合新闻工作者所要遵循的，也是大中报所崇尚的在报道中要做到“准确、公平和平衡”？
The question now is, does the article “Too Asian?” meet the journalistic standard—a standard which is also advocated by Chinese News—of accuracy, fairness and balance?
回答是，“太亚洲化？”一文准确、公平和平衡。此文的作者采访了与大学教育有关的各个方面，包括学生、教授、研究人员和大学校长们。没有证据显示作者在引述采访对象方面断章取义，只报道一面之词。
The answer is that “Too Asian?” is indeed accurate, fair and balanced. The article’s authors interviewed all parties involved in university education, including students, professors, researchers and university presidents. There is no evidence to suggest that the authors took any quotes out of context or reported only one side of the story.
我们应该鼓励《麦克琳》和媒体揭示加拿大教育系统中存在的问题和挑战。如果不是《麦克琳》，有多少华裔知道美国教育系统中对亚裔学生私下区别对待的丑闻？
We should encourage Maclean’s, and the media in general, to reveal the problems and challenges facing the Canadian education system. If not for Maclean’s, how many members of the Chinese community would be aware that the U.S. education system secretly treats Asian students differently from their non-Asian peers?
如果《麦克琳》要对这份报道道歉，那今后还有谁敢来报道人们的担忧，不管这种担忧是否有道理，或这种担忧是否有种族主义色彩？
If Maclean’s has to apologize for this article, who will be willing to report any concerns in the future—regardless of whether such concerns are justified, or have racial overtones?
华人社区应该强烈谴责那些不愿意与亚裔为伍、不愿意与亚裔在同一条起跑线上竞争的人，防止美国校园中对亚裔区别对待的丑闻在加拿大出现。同时，华人社区也要鼓励华裔学生要在加拿大的校园中争取领袖作用，改变校园中那些吸毒、酗酒、纵欲等不正之风。
The Chinese community should strongly condemn anyone who is unwilling to associate with Asians or unwilling to compete with them on an equal footing, and should prevent discriminatory practices against Asians on American campuses from occurring in Canada. Meanwhile, the Chinese community should encourage Chinese students to play a leadership role in curbing drug use, alcohol abuse, sexual indulgence and other unhealthy behaviours on Canadian university campuses.
加拿大华裔家庭出来的学生在那些市场上的热门专业表现突出，比如医药、科学、工程、法律、会计和商业方面，但在戏剧、艺术和文学方面呢？在政治科学方面呢？还有很多其他专业呢？加拿大为人们在各行各业大显身手创造了机会。如果第一代新移民把重心放在养家糊口上，也许他们的孩子能够、并且应该扩展他们的眼光和视野。
Students from Chinese-Canadian family have excelled in those more marketable subjects such as medicine, science, engineering, legal, accounting and business, but what about drama, arts, and literature? And political sciences? The list can go on and on. Canada has offered every citizen tremendous benefits in all walk of life. If the first generation of new immigrants can only focus on making a living, perhaps their children can and should expand their focus and horizon now.
《麦克林》杂志是否该道歉？
Should Maclean’s apologize?
《大中报》记者南茜（Nancy Jin）(2010-11-18 PM06:28)(2010-11-19 PM02:21),
有很多亚裔学生进入加国大学就读，是否会使加拿大高等学府所崇尚的，族裔间相互理解和相互尊重的价值观和多元文化性受到威胁？亚裔学生是不是缺乏与其它族裔同学之间的社会交往，并倾向于搞自己的小圈子？
Does the fact that too many Asian students are taking up university spots pose a threat to the cultural mosaic of Canadian universities – which value diversity, mutual understanding and respect? Do Asian students lack social interaction with their non-Asian peers and tend to segregate themselves?
《麦克林》杂志近期刊登的一篇名为《太亚裔化？》一文引起了读者对种族问题的强烈反响，东亚社区人士就文章中对其透露的对自己社区的种族歧视表示极端不满，谴责此文旨在对华人社区进行种族定性。
The Maclean’s article “Too Asian？” has evoked strong reactions of readers to racial issues, and the East Asian community has voiced its frustration over the alleged racism directed at the community, and condemned it for spreading racial stereotypes.
加拿大平权会（CCNC）会长黄煜文表示：“真正让人深感困扰的是《麦克林》文章的标题，‘太亚裔化？’这是什么意思，难道亚裔人士不是加拿大人？”
“What really bothers me is that Maclean’s headline, ‘Too Asian?’ What does that mean, not Canadian?” said Victor Wong, president of the Chinese Canadian National Council (CCNC).
多伦多教育局士嘉堡Rouge River校区教育委员陈圣源在接受《大中报》采访时说：“我们是否讨论过校园中白人过多的问题？……我认为像《麦克林》杂志这样的主流媒体发表这类种族论调，是非常不负责任的。”
“Have we ever discussed that there is white domination on campus? … I think it is very irresponsible for mainstream media like Maclean’s to publish this type of racist discourse,” said Shaun Chen, a TDSB school trustee Scarborough-Rouge River in an interview with Chinese News.
大多伦多中国及东南亚法律事务所（MTSALC）部门主管吴遥遥表示：“‘太亚裔化？’这个标题怎能说不是种族主义？传播种族定型暴露出该新闻报道的不负责任态度。”
“How can a headline, ‘Too Asian’?, not be racist?…… This is irresponsible journalism that relies on spreading racial stereotypes,” says Avvy Go, clinic director of the Metro Toronto Chinese and Southeast Asian Legal Clinic (MTSALC).
“太亚裔化？”一文中所说，多伦多教育局中有70%的东亚移民学生进入大学，而与之相比，仅有52%的欧洲移民以及42%的加拿大土生学生进大学。该文指出，目前 加拿大大学采用的完全依据学生资历及成绩单进行招生方式将导致加国校园中出现亚洲学生过分聚集的现象。
Revealing that more than 70% of TDSB students from the East Asian immigrant community went to universities, compared to 52% of Europeans and 42% of those born in Canada, the article indicates that the merit-based approach Canadian universities are using – relying on students’ transcripts–will result in a concentration of Asian students.
黄煜文称：“有太多亚裔学生上大学有什么错？如果说，有85%的亚裔父母期望他们的子女上大学，那么我倒要问问，为什么不是这个数字不是100%？”
“What is wrong with too many Asian students in the university?” asked Victor Wong. “If you find that 85% of Asian parents expect their children to go to university, I would ask, how come it is not 100%?” said Wong.
该篇文章指出，亚裔学生雄心勃勃并且功课优异。他们大都极其用功，在校园中以高分取胜。但如此做法则无意中给那些认为娱乐和派对是校园生活中必不可少的一部分的非亚裔学生们造成无形压力。文章援引一名前指导顾问的话称，亚裔学生可能缺乏社交能力。他们往往会独立形成独立的社交圈，也不能融入加拿大主流文化。
The article pointed out that Asians are ambitious and academic high achievers。They work hard to obtain top grades, which inadvertently puts pressure on their non-Canadian peers, many of whom believe that having fun is an important part of campus life. Asians may lack social interaction, according to a former guidance counselor quoted in the article, and tend to segregate themselves and don’t assimilate into the Canadian culture.
文章称，滑铁卢大学中东亚裔学生将计算机科学系的两栋建筑被命名为“中国大陆”和“中国城”。在一次辅导课上，当辅导老师感到用英语解答问题有困难时，干脆使用普通话回答学生的问题。
At the University of Waterloo, the article says, East Asian students have dubbed the computer science buildings “mainland China” and “downtown China”, and in one tutorial session, the TA answered a question in Mandarin, after he got frustrated with speaking English.
加拿大平权会的黄煜文承认，加拿大校园中的确存在来自中国大陆的学生在课堂上用其母语讨论学术问题的现象。
Wong of CCNC admits that the situation where students from mainland China discuss academic content in their classes using their mother tongue does exist on Canadian campuses.
黄煜文称：“那些在课堂上不说英语的学生们，则未能享受到加国大学教育的全部内容。 他们在主流社会找工作时会处于不利地位，因为面试者可能会选择那些英语说的比较好的应聘者。”
“If a student does not speak English in the class, he may miss the full university experience. They disadvantage themselves when they apply for a job in the mainstream, as the job interviewer may prefer other candidates who speak better English,“ said Wong.
毫无疑问，在课堂上使用非英语的其他种族语言回答问题会影响那些母语为英语的学生学习知识，使他们感到在校园中遭排斥或不尊重。
Undoubtedly, giving out answers in the class in a language other than English would affect the learning experience and hurt Anglophone students, who might feel that they are being left out or disrespected.
许多移民父母称，他们的子女从未刻意疏远非华裔同学，但是缺乏英语沟通技能力使他们无法与本地学生交往。即使我们不让肤色将华人和本地人士分开，文化和语言障碍也常常在他们中间形成看不见隔阂，并且是一道很难消除的隔阂。
Many immigrant parents say that these students never intentionally alienate their non-Chinese peers but lack the strong English language skills needed to assimilate. Even if we do not let skin colour separate Chinese from whites, cultural and language barriers often divide many of them invisibly and are tough to break down.
文化障碍似乎的确对东亚移民的下一代的成长产生着重要的影响。多伦多教育局2006年进行的一项学生自我评估调查发现，在逾10万名来自大多伦多不同族裔的7至12年级学生中，东亚裔学生对其数学技能的自我评估值最高，但对包括社交和领导技能，沟通技能和课堂参与能力等技能的自我评估最低。这些东亚裔学生多数是来自中国大陆，也有相当一部分为本地出生的第二代华裔学生。
It seems that the cultural influences have had a significant impact on the development of younger generation of East Asians. According to the findings of a self-assessment survey conducted by the TDSB in 2006, among over 100,000 grade 7-12 students of all ethnic groups in the GTA, the East Asian students, the majority of whom are from mainland China but a certain portion are second generation immigrants, gave the highest rating in math skills but the lowest rating in self-perceived abilities, including social and leadership skills, communication skills and classroom participation.
多伦多教育局研究协调员Maria Yau表示：“加国教育系统一直努力关注这些调查结果……我们希望学生们在学校里得到全面发展。我们希望他们不仅学习成绩优异，同时具有良好的心理素质，以及拥有与他人充分交往的能力。”
“Our education system tries to pay attention to the findings… We want our children to experience a full and all-around development at school. We want them to become not only high academic achievers, but also socially and emotionally well-balanced individuals,” said Maria Yau, a research coordinator with the TDSB.
多伦多教育局的调查结果还显示，在各族裔学生中，东亚学生家长期望子女能上大学的比例为最高。而最令华裔父母和学生担心的可能还是《麦克琳》杂志文章的副标题“担心美国顶尖大学限制亚裔学生入学的现象可能会转移至加拿大”。
The TDSB findings also indicate that the percentage of East Asian students expected to attend universities by their parents is also the highest among all student groups. What may cause the most concern to Chinese parents and students is the MacLean article’s byline “Worries that efforts in the U.S. to limit enrolment of Asian students in top universities may migrate to Canada.”
加利福尼亚的亚裔学生虽然之占加州人口的13%， 但却拥有高居40%的大学入学率。但这种过高入学率是否就应导致将“亚裔封顶”的现象出现，即大学可以提高亚裔学生入学分数线，以限制亚裔学生的入学人数？是否在不久的将来，加国亚裔学生在申请加拿大大学时，他们的高中成绩要比非亚裔同学高出一定比例才能与他们站在同一条起跑线上，被招生者平等看待？
Should California’s disproportionately high enrolment rate of Asians, who make up only 13% of residents but have a 40% university enrolment rate, give rise to the situation of an “Asian ceiling”, where the university raises the bar when admitting Asians? Will Asian applicants, in the new future, need certain extra marks on their high school report cards to be on equal footing with their non-Asian peers when applying to Canadian universities?
在一家加拿大工程公司担任工程专家的加拿大华裔家长刘文明表示：“我认为这篇文章制造了一种亚裔学生将会占据加拿大大学校园的恐惧氛围……象牙塔中对亚裔学生的歧视现象升值，这实在令人担忧。”
“I think that the article creates a type of fear that too many Asians would take over the Canadian university campus… It is worrisome that the discrimination against Asians in the Ivory tower is on the rise, “ said Wendell Liu, a Chinese Canadian parent and an engineer expert with a Canadian engineering firm.
刘文明表示：“加拿大需要医生和工程师。就读工程、科学或医学专业要求学生有过硬的技术背景，而这正是亚裔学生们的优势所在……白人学生通常不太可能从事这些领域的工作，因为他们往往不愿为此付出辛勤工作和艰苦努力。”
“Canada needs doctors and engineers. To get into engineering, science or medical areas require students to have a strong technology background, which are the strength of Asian students… Caucasian students in general are unlikely to pursue these areas because they are unwilling to meet the demand of the hard work and painstaking efforts,” said Liu.
在使用“太亚裔化？”一词形容美国常春藤校园中出现的族裔不平衡现象之际，加拿大华裔社区害怕这一字眼会悄悄蔓延到加国校园，担忧加国大学也会在录取亚裔学生时，采用秘密限额并提高亚裔学生录取线。
As the term “Too Asian” has been used in the U.S. to talk about the racial imbalance at Ivy League schools, the Chinese community is afraid that the term is now being whispered on Canadian campuses, worrying that the universities could use secret quotas when admitting Asian students.
刘文明表示：“在加拿大，我们都是加拿大人……大学招生时，应该对各族裔学生一视同仁。使用秘密限额限制华裔申请者的做法无疑是错误的。”
“In Canada, we are all Canadians… When it comes to university admission, the same criteria should apply to all ethnic groups. It is definitely wrong to use a secret quota against Chinese applicants,” said Liu.
东南亚法律事务所的吴遥遥表示，该文声称亚裔加拿大人抢走加拿大白人的大学位置，并认为因亚裔学生的努力用功而提高了成绩标准所造成的对白人学生的不利为种族主义。她要求《麦克林》杂志进行公开道歉并该杂志上刊登同样长度、针对性的文章来弥补原文造成的损害。
Mrs. Go of MTSALC says that portraying Asian Canadians as taking away places at universities from white Canadians, and bringing up the academic standard to their disadvantage is racist. She has called for MacLean’s to offer a public apology and equal editorial space to counter harm done.
尽管对该文中流露出的种族歧视情绪表示愤慨，华人社区中对该文的反应也出现不一。一些读者认为这篇文章的报道是尽责的，因为它揭露了社区中长期存在的一些问题。
However, despite the rage against racism revealed, community members are divided in their responses to the article. Some readers say that the article reflects responsible journalism insofar as it depicts problems that have long existed in the community.
一名不愿透露姓名的社区成员称：“文章也指出白人的孩子酒喝得太多的现象……并建议加拿大大学继续采用以成绩单为依据的招生方法，它鼓励所有的少数族裔团体相互交流并融入加国主流文化……在我看来这是一篇非常平衡和负责任的文章。”
“The article also pointed out that white kids drink too much… It suggests that Canadian universities should continue to use the merit-based approach in admitting students, encouraging all minority groups to mingle and integrate into Canadian culture… To me it is a very balanced and responsible piece,” said a community member who prefers to remain anonymous.
这名社区成员表示：“我认为作者和杂志勇敢地揭露了这些没有人敢谈论的、华人社区存在的问题，这对华人家长及我们下一代的成长非常有利。”
“In a sense, I think the authors and the magazine are very brave to expose these issues in the community that nobody wants to talk about, which is beneficial to the Chinese parents as well as the wellbeing of younger generation,” said the community member.
在言论自由社会中，文章作者有权通过文章自由表达其主张和看法，即使其观点非常极端，其言论令人愤慨。媒体所肩负的社会责任的一部分就是激起公众对问题的辩论，引发读者的思考。通过引起我们对发生在美国校园中的现象的关注，该文在社区中引发了巨大反响，激发华人社区对教育问题的思考和辩论。这些思考和辩论将有助于将潜在问题遏制于萌芽状态，防止“亚裔封顶”，及大学使用秘密限额的现象呈现于加国校园。
After all, in an opinion piece the authors have freedom to express their views – however biased or offensive they may seem. Part of the media social responsibility is to stir public debate and provoke readers to ponder. By drawing our attention to the situation south of the border, the article has aroused great response and enabled the community to engage in reflection and discussions that would help to prevent an “Asian ceiling” from materializing, and secret quotas from being used on Canadian campuses.
