20070601/罗渣士中止模拟式移动电话服务（附：手机发展简史）

罗渣士中止类比电话服务.大哥大发烧友硬要用大哥大
(注：文中类比服务通常译为模拟服务)

星报通讯社电/罗渣士无线(Rogers Wireless)将在周四午夜中止类比电话服务，席力欧塔基(Kosta Tsiriotakis)再也无法使用1980年代的“大哥大，又称砖头”的流动电话。担任健身教练及警卫的他说，只要他拿着1尺多长，跟球棒一样重的摩托罗拉DynaTAC外出，人们就会侧目而视，也有人常问那种东西是否真的能用。

席力欧塔基说，5年前花费55美元从eBay买到这个电话，初期只觉得新奇，后来才发现它比新型产品坚固，也更有威力。事实上，他的宠物赫赫有名，一般公认DynaTAC是第1部真正的流动电话，发明人是摩托罗拉的谷巴(Martin Cooper)博士，他在1973年便领先贝尔实验室，用DynaTAC原型机器完成第1次通话。

顾客改用数码服务

不过科技日新月异，罗渣士在1月表示，类比流动电话是毫无前途的产品，周五凌晨12:01就要将网络全面数码化，席力欧塔基如果不另觅服务商，“大哥大”便无用武之地。

罗渣士发言人咸美顿(Elizabeth Hamilton)说，2年前已决定取消类比服务。类比电话一度是标准无线工具，但只能传送语音，因此渐受淘汰，无线服务商纷纷推广通信品质较佳、还能传输数据及影像的数码产品。

贝尔电话母公司BCE及研科公司还继续提供类比无线服务，不过观察家指出，全国的95%地区都具备数码网络，类比服务迟早要结束。加拿大无线电讯协会(Canadian Wireless Telecommunications Association)的联络主管乔玛(Marc Choma)表示，很久没有见过要求类比服务的顾客了。

罗渣士未透露有多少顾客会在周五失去服务，但强调剩下的280,000类比服务顾客大部分已接受免费电话而改用数码服务。

德国买大哥大继续用

席力欧塔基却是例外，他表示罗渣士在过去几年多次游说，自己都不为所动。上个月有罗渣士顾客服务员警告服务会中断，他只强调要坚持到最后时刻。他预备在周四深夜11:55跟好友做最后1次类比式通话，但会用另1个“大哥大”迎接数码年代。他在eBay发现一种1994年出产，只在欧洲出售的DynaTAK，该种电话具备数码科技，所以可以继续使用，已跟德国卖主达成交易。

It’s last call for analog holdout

Jun 01, 2007 04:30 AM
Chris Sorensen
Business Reporter

Kosta Tsiriotakis has lost his conversation piece.

The 27-year-old personal trainer and security guard was scheduled to be cut off from his analog cellphone service early this morning, meaning he will no longer be able to raise eyebrows in his Danforth Ave. neighbourhood with his 1980s-era “brick” cellphone, which is more than a foot long and weighs about as much as a baseball bat.

“I would be walking down the street and no one could believe it,” said Tsiriotakis just hours before Rogers Wireless pulled the plug on its analog service as part of a nation-wide conversion to an all-digital cellphone network.

“I’d go in to Starbucks and people would be like, `Hey man, does that thing actually work?'”

A self-confessed “retro junkie,” Tsiriotakis said he bought his Motorola DynaTAC cellphone on eBay five years ago for $55 (U.S.) and fell in love with the not-so-sleek piece of telecommunications hardware that first went on sale in 1984.

“At first it was a novelty, but then I realized how good it was,” he said, adding that he finds many modern cellphones to be flimsy and less “powerful.”

Tsiriotakis’ choice of phone is more than just a goofy-looking piece of outdated technology. The DynaTAC is widely regarded as being the first truly mobile phone. It was invented by Motorola’s Dr. Martin Cooper, who reportedly made the world’s first cellular phone call – to a rival at Bell Labs – on a prototype version in 1973.

But technology marches on.

Rogers Communications Inc., the country’s largest wireless provider, said in January that analog signals do not have a future on its network, which is scheduled to become all-digital as of 12:01 a.m. today. That means Tsiriotakis will be forced to hang up his “brick” for good or seek out another carrier that still offers the service.

“The shutdown has been more than two years in the making,” said Elizabeth Hamilton, a spokesperson for Rogers.

While analog cellphones were once the industry norm, wireless carriers have been slowly phasing out the voice-only service in favour of digital, which not only offers higher quality signals, but allows carriers to transmit more data such as video or music files, now the fastest-growing category of sales for wireless providers.

Rivals BCE Inc., the parent of Bell Canada, and Telus Corp. both continue to offer analog services, but with nearly 95 per cent of the country now covered by digital networks, it’s only a matter of time before analog is phased out all together, observers say.

“I haven’t seen an analog customer around for a long time,” said Marc Choma, director of communications for the Canadian Wireless Telecommunications Association. He said the first analog cellphones appeared in Canada in 1985.

Rogers would not say how many analog subscribers were actually being cut off yesterday, but said in a statement that the “vast majority” of the company’s remaining 280,000 analog customers had made the switch over the past few months after being offered free digital cellphones.

Tsiriotakis said his last analog call, to a close friend, was to be placed at about 11:55 last night. After that, he planned to begin easing himself into the digital age with a rare European version of the DynaTAK that dates from 1994 and was only available in Europe. He found the phone, which came equipped with digital technology and still works on today’s networks, on eBay and is having it shipped from Germany.

“I’m upgrading to a digital brick,” he said proudly. “This phone was way ahead of its time.”

手机发展简史

1G

第一代手机（1G）是指模拟的流动电话，也就是在20世纪八九十年代香港美国等影视作品中出现的“大哥大”。最先研制出“大哥大”的是美国摩托罗拉公司的谷巴博士(Martin Cooper)。由于当时的电池容量限制和模拟调制技术需要硕大的天线和集成电路的发展状况等等制约，这种手机外表四四方方，只能成为可移动算不上便携。很多人称呼这种手机为“砖头”或是“黑金刚”等。

这种手机有多种制式，如NMT、AMPS、TACS，但是基本上使用频分复用方式只能进行语音通信，收讯效果不稳定，且保密性不足，无线频宽利用不充分。此中手机类似于简单的无线电双工电台，通话是锁定在一定频率，所以使用可调频电台就可以窃听通话。

2G

第二代手机也是最常见的手机。通常这些手机使用PHS、GSM或者CDMA这些十分成熟的标准，具有稳定的通话质素和合适的待机时间。在第二代中为了适应数据通讯的需求，一些中间标准也在手机上得到支持，例如支持彩信业务的GPRS和上网业务的WAP服务，以及各式各样的Java程序等。

3G用于第三代移动通信系统（3G）的手机也已经研制出来了，但是由于相关网路没有普及，并未得到广泛的应用。第三代手机的开始的目标之一是开发一种可以全球通用的无线通讯系统，但是实际最终的结果是出现了多种不同的制式，主要有WCDMA、CDMA2000和TD-SCDMA在竞争。这些新的制式都基于CDMA（码分多址）技术，在频宽利用和数据通信方面都有进一步发展。

未来手机未来的手机将偏重于安全和数据通讯。一方面加强个人私隐的保护，另一方面加强数据业务的研发，更多的多媒体功能被引入进来，手机将会具有更加强劲的运算能力，成为个人的信息终端，而不是仅仅具有通话和文字消息的功能。

手机会更加智能化，微型化，安全化，多功能化。

手机制式所有目前的手机都通过无线电波进行通信，双波段手机、三波段手机和四波段手机是可以用于同一制式的两个、三个或者四个不同频段的手机。

双模手机和多模手机是可用于两个或多个不同的移动网路的手机，如GSM和PHS，GSM和CDMA，2G和3G等。