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[1] 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D. \u8428\u74e6\u5361\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281923\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7279\u6027\u300b( Hindutva )\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u7b49\u7b49\u65b0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5168\u9762\u5730\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u590d\u5174\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6587\u5316\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u5b97\u65e8\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u7684\u9886\u8896M. D . \u6208\u5c14\u74e6\u5361\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281939\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u6216\u6211\u4eec\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6027\u300b\uff08We or Our Nationhood Defined\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u74e6\u5361\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6781\u7aef\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u6210\u719f\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6781\u7aef\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u4fbf\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4f20\u64ad\u5f00\u6765\u3002<br \/>\n\u3000\u3000 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u6781\u7aef\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4e3b\u5f20\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u6e0a\u6e90 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\u8428\u74e6\u5361\uff08Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, 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  <\/p>\n<p>\u6208\u5c14\u74e6\u5361\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u8428\u74e6\u5361\u7684\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u51fa \u4e86\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8654\u4fe1\u201d\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u4ece\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u9610\u8ff0\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e00\u3001 \u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u7279\u8d28\u201d\uff08Hindutva\uff09   <\/p>\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6208\u5c14\u74e6\u5361\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8981\u7ed9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u660e\u663e\u5730\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3e\u4e16\u65e0\u53cc\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u8d28\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u6709\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u76ee\u7684\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u8981\u201c\u8bc1\u609f\u4eba\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u672c\u6027\u2014\u2014\u6f5c\u85cf\u4e8e\u4ed6\u81ea\u8eab\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u795e\u6027\u706b\u82b1\u201d\u3002\u8bc1\u609f\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u795e\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4eba\u8fbe\u5230\u6c38\u6052\u6b22\u4e50\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u6700\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6743\u529b\u3001\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u540d\u8a89\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4fe1\u5949\u518d\u751f\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u662f\u4e0d\u6b7b\u7684\uff0c\u8089\u4f53\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u7075\u9b42\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8eaf\u4f53\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7eed\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u4eba\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u751f\u5b58\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8fbe\u5230\u6c38\u6052\u6b22\u4e50\u7684\u81f3\u9ad8\u5883\u754c\u3002\u6208\u5c14\u74e6\u5361\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u518d\u751f\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u706f\u5854\uff0c\u5b83\u653e\u5c04\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u6c38\u6052\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u5149\u8f89\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u524d\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u957f\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u52aa\u529b\u53bb\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u751f\u590d\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002\u5728\u5927\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u9ad8\u4e3e\u7740\u8fd9\u79cd\u5145\u6ee1\u5e0c\u671b\u548c\u4fe1\u5fc3\u7684\u706b\u70ac\u3002\u201d[4] <\/p>\n<p>\u5bcc\u6709\u65e0\u79c1\u5949\u732e\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u4e3b\u5f20\u57f9\u517b\u4fe1\u5f92\u4eec\u7684\u65e0\u79c1\u5949\u732e\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u8bc1\u609f\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5185\u5728\u7684\u795e\u6027\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u795e\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u7ecf\u5e38\u6559\u5bfc\u4eba\u4eec\uff0c\u201c\u8981\u4ee5\u65e0\u79c1\u5fd8\u6211\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u53bb\u505a\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53bb\u5c65\u884c\u4f60\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\u201d\u3002\u201c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u795e\u670d\u52a1\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u751f\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u201d[5]  <\/p>\n<p>\u5d07\u5c1a\u5185\u5728\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8f7b\u8511\u5916\u5728\u7684\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u5185\u5728\u7684\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u90fd\u5d07\u62dc\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5e1d\u738b\u6216\u519b\u4e8b\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u91cc\u5374\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5e1d\u738b\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u9886\u8896\u90fd\u5d07\u62dc\u90a3\u4e9b\u9690\u5c45\u4e8e\u68ee\u6797\u4e4b\u4e2d\u534a\u88f8\u4f53\u7684\u5723\u5f92\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eab\u4e0a\u66f4\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5728\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u624d\u662f\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u3002\u201c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8861\u91cf\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u662f\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5185\u5728\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u5728\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u201d[6] <\/p>\n<p>\u6208\u5c14\u74e6\u5361\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u8d28\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u8d28\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u79f0\u5f97\u4e0a\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e8c\u3001\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\uff08Hindu Rashtra \u6216 Hindu Nation\uff09  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<\/p>\n<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u5c5e\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5462\uff1f\u6208\u5c14\u74e6\u5361\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5fe0\u5b9e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u68c0\u9a8c\u6c11\u65cf\u6027\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u51fa\u751f\u6216\u6210\u957f\u5728\u4e00\u5757\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u7c7b\u578b\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u83b7\u5f97\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u5757\u571f\u5730\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u624d\u662f\u68c0\u9a8c\u6c11\u65cf\u6027\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u201d[8]  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Prabhakaran\uff09,\u6b64\u4eba\u6781\u529b\u4e3b\u5f20\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u4eba\u8131\u79bb\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u4eba\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u66b4\u529b\u6597\u4e89\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5317\u90e8\u548c\u4e1c\u90e8\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u65cf\u805a\u5c45\u533a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u56fd\u30021983\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u4e3a\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6b66\u88c5\u5206\u79bb\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4ee5\u4f0f\u51fb\u3001\u7a81\u88ad\u3001\u57cb\u8bbe\u5730\u96f7\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ad\u51fb\u653f\u5e9c\u519b\u548c\u8b66\u5bdf\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u6210\u7acb\u5404\u79cd\u6697\u6740\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c\u5927\u641e\u66b4\u529b\u6050\u6016\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6f14\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u6709\u56db\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e25\u5bc6\uff0c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u519b\u4e8b\u5316\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u90fd\u662f\u519b\u4eba\uff0c\u914d\u5907\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u519b\u4e8b\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u7eaa\u5f8b\u4e25\u660e\uff0c\u9887\u6709\u6218\u6597\u529b\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u601d\u60f3\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6781\u529b\u5411\u5176\u6210\u5458\u704c\u8f93\u5bf9\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u4eba\u7684\u4ec7\u6068\u3002\u5176\u4e09\uff0c\u62db\u6536\u7ae5\u5b50\u519b\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u5404\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u8feb\u4f7f\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u52a0\u5165\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u5175\u5458\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5341\u4e00\u4e8c\u5c81\u7684\u5973\u5b69\u62db\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u6697\u6740\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c\u5bf9\u5979\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u5e74\u5168\u5c01\u95ed\u5f0f\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u704c\u8f93\u79cd\u65cf\u4ec7\u6068\uff0c\u4f7f\u5979\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u90fd\u6210\u4e3a\u51b7\u9762\u6740\u624b\u3002\u5982\u201c\u9ed1\u864e\u201d\u3001\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u9e1f\u201d\u7b49\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6740\u624b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u5176\u56db\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u8054\u7edc\u7f51\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u3001\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u975e\u6d32\u90fd\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5ba3\u4f20\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u52df\u96c6\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u8d2d\u4e70\u6b66\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>20\u4e16\u7eaa\u516b\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u731b\u864e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u591a\u8d77\u9a87\u4eba\u542c\u95fb\u7684\u6697\u6740\u6050\u6016\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1989\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u79d1\u4f26\u5761\u6697\u6740\u4e86\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u8054\u5408\u89e3\u653e\u9635\u7ebf\u4e3b\u5e2d\u963f\u7c73\u585e\u6797\u6839\u59c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1990\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u9a6c\u5fb7\u62c9\u65af\u5e02\u67aa\u6740\u4e86\u66fe\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u519b\u961f\u5408\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u4f0a\u62c9\u59c6\u4eba\u6c11\u9769\u547d\u89e3\u653e\u9635\u7ebf\u201d\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u5e15\u9a6c\u7eb3\u5df4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1991\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u7528\u6c7d\u8f66\u70b8\u5f39\u70b8\u6b7b\u4e86\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u957f\u62c9\u626c\u00b7\u97e6\u6770\u62c9\u7279\u7eb3<\/p>\n<p>1991\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u5357\u5370\u5ea6\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u7eb3\u675c\u90a6\u6697\u6740\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u62c9\u5409\u592b\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u731b\u864e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8981\u6697\u6740\u4ed6\u5462\uff1f\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c1987\u5e74\u62c9\u5409\u592b\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u4efb\u5370\u5ea6\u603b\u7406\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u201c\u548c\u5e73\u534f\u8bae\u201d\u3002\u6839\u636e\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6d3e\u4e86\u51e0\u4e07\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u5e73\u90e8\u961f\u8fdb\u5165\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5e2e\u52a9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u653f\u5e9c\u89e3\u51b3\u56fd\u5185\u6c11\u65cf\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u6b64\u95f4\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u7ef4\u548c\u90e8\u961f\u4e0e\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u731b\u864e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6fc0\u70c8\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u6253\u6b7b\u8bb8\u591a\u731b\u864e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f15\u8d77\u731b\u864e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6781\u5927\u4ec7\u6068\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u7ec8\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ec7\u6068\u5f52\u7ed3\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u603b\u7406\u62c9\u5409\u592b\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u6545\u800c\u6d3e\u51fa\u6697\u6740\u5c0f\u7ec4\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4ed6\u30021989\u5e74\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7ade\u9009\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u62c9\u5409\u592b\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u8f9e\u53bb\u4e86\u603b\u7406\u804c\u52a1\u30021991\u5e745\u6708\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u8eab\u4efd\u5230\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u7eb3\u675c\u90a6\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\/>\n\u3000\u3000 <\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u6b64\u6587\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u6781\u7aef\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2008\u5e74\u67081\u6708\u51fa\u7248\uff09  <\/p>\n<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>[1] \u3001\u9a6c\u54c8\u6c5f\uff1a\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c285\u9875\uff0c\u65b0\u5fb7\u91cc\uff0c1983\u5e74\u3002<br \/>\n[2] \u3001O. 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