{"id":5438,"date":"2008-01-23T23:58:44","date_gmt":"2008-01-24T04:58:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/?p=5438"},"modified":"2008-01-24T00:19:17","modified_gmt":"2008-01-24T05:19:17","slug":"20080123%e9%aa%91%e8%80%81%e7%99%bd%e9%a9%ac%e7%9a%84%e6%98%8e%e4%b9%89%e5%a3%ab%e9%99%84%ef%bc%9a%e6%98%8e%e4%b9%89%e5%a3%ab%e5%b9%b4%e8%b0%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/?p=5438","title":{"rendered":"20080123\/\u9a91\u8001\u767d\u9a6c\u7684\u660e\u4e49\u58eb(\u9644\uff1a\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u5e74\u8c31)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u5b58\u4e66\u8863\u8dcb\uff0854\uff09\u2014\u2014\u9a91\u8001\u767d\u9a6c\u7684\u660e\u4e49\u58eb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image5439\" alt=menzies01.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/01\/menzies01.jpg\" \/><br 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\/>\n\u8fd9\u672c\u300a\u7532\u9aa8\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u662f\u5176\u5728\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u8bb2\u6388\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7684\u8bb2\u4e49\uff0c\u7531\u65b9\u8f89\u535a\u58eb\u4e00\u529b\u4fc3\u6210\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5370\u4e861000\u518c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u5c31\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u89c1\u4e86\uff0c\u90fd\u88ab\u8c01\u6536\u85cf\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image5450\" alt=menzies12.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/01\/menzies12.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n\u524d\u6709\u65b9\u8f89\u4e4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7ea6\u7565\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5176\u751f\u5e73\u548c\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image5451\" alt=menzies13.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/01\/menzies13.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n\u7ee7\u800c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6b64\u4e66\u5e95\u672c\u7684\u7531\u6765\uff0c\u7531\u5176\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u540e\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u662f\u5176\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\u4e4b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image5452\" alt=menzies14.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/01\/menzies14.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u5c0f\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u9a7b\u534e\u5927\u4f7f\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u5b89\u9633\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6587\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u53e3\u6d41\u5229\u7684\u6cb3\u5357\u8bdd\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u6700\u540e\u7684\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u85cf\u54c1\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7269\uff0c\u6350\u732e\u7ed9\u4e86\u5c71\u4e1c\u5927\u5b66\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image5453\" alt=menzies15.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/01\/menzies15.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n\u6b64\u4e66\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u4e00\u3001\u7532\u9aa8\u4e4b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1b\u4e8c\u3001\u7532\u9aa8\u53d1\u73b0\u5c0f\u53f2\uff1b\u4e09\u3001\u6536\u4e70\u7532\u9aa8\u8005\uff1b\u56db\u3001\uff1f\u4e94\u3001\u7532\u9aa8\u7247\u6570\uff1b\u516d\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u54c1\uff1b\u4e03\u3001\u540e\u51fa\u7248\u4e66\u7c4d\uff1b\u516b\u3001\u5546\u4ee3\u5e1d\u7cfb\uff1b\u9644\u3001\u5546\u738b\u4e16\u7cfb\u8868\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u672a\u89c1\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7531\u4e09\u800c\u4e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image5454\" alt=menzies16.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/01\/menzies16.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u90fd\u4ee5\u201c\u767d\u9a6c\u738b\u5b50\u201d\u81ea\u5c45\uff0c\u4f46\u9a91\u7684\u662f\u5339\u8001\u9a6c\uff0c\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e74\u8f7b\u5566\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u5f88\u6d41\u7545\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u8fd8\u6709\u767d\u9a6c\u8bd7\u300a\u9047\u6bb7\u589f\u300b\u66f0\uff1a\u67f3\u6811\u51fa\u82bd\u9a91\u767d\u9a6c\uff0c\u767d\u9a6c\u8d70\u65f6\u987a\u6d39\u6cb3\u3002\u62fe\u7834\u9676\u5668\u5bfb\u5148\u53e4\uff0c\u5c0f\u5b69\u5f15\u5230\u51fa\u53e4\u5904\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u5199\u4e86\u5982\u6b64\u534a\u901a\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u8bd7\uff0c\u4e5f\u7b97\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image5455\" alt=menzies17.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/01\/menzies17.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u6700\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u7528\u6240\u83b7\u7532\u9aa8\u8003\u8bc1\u7684\u5546\u738b\u4e16\u7cfb\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u6781\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e0b\u90ed\u6cab\u82e5\u4e91\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image5456\" alt=menzies18.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/01\/menzies18.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u8352\u8bde\u4e0d\u7ecf\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u8be5\u541b\u867d\u8bf4\u88ab\u6025\u901f\u5112\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u4e9b\u611f\u60c5\uff0c\u4e8e\u7532\u9aa8\u95f4\u89c1\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u201d\u4e8c\u5b57\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u547c\u540c\u5b97\uff0c\u79f0\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u4e00\u8109\u4e91\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8001\u5148\u751f\u662f\u4f55\u5176\u76f8\u4f3c\u554a\uff0c\u603b\u4e4b\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u90a3\u65ee\u65ef\u91cc\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u6b63\u5b97\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image5457\" alt=menzies19.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/01\/menzies19.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u53ea\u770b\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u65b9\u8f89\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u300a\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u85cf\u54c1\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u6b64\u4e66\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6b64\u541b\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff0c\u65e2\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u8da3\u5473\u6027\u3002\u524d\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u674e\u5b66\u52e4\u4e4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6b64\u4eba\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u590f\u5546\u5468\u65ad\u4ee3\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u9996\u5e2d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e38\u770b\u4e2d\u592e\u5341\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u6b64\u4eba\u4f5c\u5e8f\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u89c4\u683c\u5f88\u9ad8\u5566\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6d0b\u9b3c\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u4e3a\u5df1\u4efb\uff0c\u9a91\u7740\u8001\u767d\u9a6c\u6d41\u8fde\u4e8e\u6bb7\u589f\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5fc3\u7075\u5f52\u5bbf\u4e8e\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u4e0e\u683e\u8c03\u752b\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e0e\u8001\u820d\u540c\u5c45\u5357\u65b0\u8857\uff0c\u81f3\u6b7b\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f8\u5fd8\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u4e9b\u610f\u601d\u554a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/q.sohu.com\/forum\/12\/topic\/842834<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u5e74\u8c31<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dr. James M.Menzies(\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u535a\u58eb)\u5e74\u8c31<br \/>\n\uff08\u5b89\u9633\u65e5\u62a5\u793e\uff09\u5218\u5fd7\u4f1f<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6Dr. James Mellon Menzies \uff081885-1957\uff09\uff0c\u6c49\u540d\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\uff0c\u5b57\u5b50\u5b9c\u3002\u521d\u4ee5\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u8eab\u4efd\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u4f20\u6559\u3001\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bb7\u5546\u6587\u7269\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3a\u535a\u5927\u7cbe\u6df1\u7684\u6bb7\u5546\u6587\u5316\u6240\u6298\u670d\uff0c\u540e\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7684\u6536\u85cf\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u6536\u96c6\u7532\u9aa85\u4e07\u4f59\u7247\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6536\u85cf\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6089\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u7532\u9aa8\u5b66\u7684\u8349\u521b\u65f6\u671f\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u582a\u79f0\u7532\u9aa8\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u754c\u4eab\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u3002<br \/>\n\u660e\u4e49\u58eb1912\u5e74\u5230\u5b89\u9633\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u5728\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u51fa\u571f\u5730\u5b89\u9633\u751f\u6d3b\u8fbe13\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\uff0c\u4e0e\u6bb7\u5546\u6587\u5316\u7ed3\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e0d\u89e3\u4e4b\u7f18\u3002\u4ed6\u76844\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u90fd\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u5b89\u9633\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d1916\u5e74\u5728\u5b89\u9633\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u6b21\u5b50Arthur Menzies\uff08\u6c49\u540d\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\uff091976-1980\u5e74\u51fa\u4efb\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u9a7b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u30021932\u5e74\u4ed6\u5230\u5c71\u4e1c\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u53c8\u957f\u671f\u8bb2\u6388\u7532\u9aa8\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u53ca\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u3002 1936\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\u4f11\u5047\uff0c\u56e0\u4e8c\u6218\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u518d\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1885\u5e74(1\u5c81)2\u670823\u65e5\u3000\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5b89\u5927\u7565\u7701\u514b\u6797\u987f\uff08clinton\uff09\u9547\uff0c\u6392\u884c\u8001\u4e8c\u3002\u7236\u4eb2\u6234\u536b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u519c\u573a\u4e3b\u3002<br \/>\n1889\u5e74\uff085\u5c81\uff0912\u6708 \u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u53e4\u7ea6\u7ff0\uff08Jonathan Goforth\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u53f2\u96c5\u5404\uff08James F\u00b7Smith\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u7f57\u7ef4\u7075\uff08William Mc Clure\uff09\u592b\u5987\u548c\u5b63\u7406\u6590\uff08Donald Mac-Gillivray\uff09\u7267\u5e08\u4e00\u884c7\u4eba\uff0c\u6765\u5230\u5185\u9ec4\u53bf\u695a\u65fa\u9547\u4f20\u6559\uff0c\u8c6b\u5317\u5dee\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u3002<br \/>\n1899\u5e74\uff0815\u5c81\uff09\u79cb \u4e2d\u56fd\u5b89\u9633\u6bb7\u589f\u53d1\u73b0\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u3002<br \/>\n1903\u5e74\uff0819\u5c81\uff09 \u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u8457\u5f55\u4e66\u300a\u94c1\u4e91\u85cf\u9f9f\u300b\uff08\u5218\u94c1\u4e91\uff09\u51fa\u7248\u3002<br \/>\n1903\u5e74\uff0819\u5c81\uff09\u8003\u5165\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\u79d1\u6280\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u4e3b\u4fee\u571f\u6728\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002<br \/>\n1904\u5e74\uff0820\u5c81\uff09 \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<br \/>\n1904\u5e74\uff0820\u5c81\uff09\u79cb \u52a0\u5165\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u957f\u8001\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6559\u4f1a\u3002<br \/>\n1907\u5e74\uff0823\u5c81\uff09\u6bd5\u4e1a\u5b9e\u4e60\uff0c\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u56fd\u571f\u6d4b\u91cf\u5458\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u571f\u6728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<br \/>\n1907-1910\u5e74 \u5165\u8bfa\u514b\u65af\u795e\u5b66\u9662(Knox College)\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5e76\u4fee\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u3002<br \/>\n1910\u5e74\uff0826\u5c81\uff09\u521d\u590f \u524d\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u3002<br \/>\n1910\u5e74\uff0826\u5c81\uff099\u6708 \u6765\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b66\u5b89\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u5f52\u5f70\u5fb7\u7ba1\u8f96\uff09\uff0c\u5b66\u4e602\u5e74\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u540e\u5230\u5f70\u5fb7\uff08\u4eca\u5b89\u9633\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n1911\uff0827\u5c81\uff09\u5e74\u6625 \u4e0e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u59d1\u5a18\u5b89\u59ae\u00b7\u8d1d\u5c14\u00b7\u585e\u5fb7\u7ef4\u514b\uff08Annie Belle Sedgwick\uff09\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002\u5a5a\u793c\u5728\u5f00\u5c01\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u7531\u6cb3\u5357\u4e3b\u6559\u6000\u7279\uff08\u53c8\u540d\u6000\u5c65\u5149 Willam C\u00b7White 1973-1960\uff09\u7267\u5e08\u4e3b\u6301\u3002<br \/>\n1912\u5e74\uff0828\u5c81\uff09\u5230\u5f70\u5fb7\uff08\u5b89\u9633\uff09\u3002\u6559\u4f1a\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u5317\u5173\u94f8\u949f\u8857\u3002<br \/>\n1914\u5e74\uff0830\u5c81\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u89e6\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u3002\u5e38\u4e58\u8001\u767d\u9a6c\u6e38\u4e8e\u6d39\u6c34\u4e24\u5cb8\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u6bb7\u589f\u51fa\u571f\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\u60c5\u5f62\u3002\u521d\u5f97\u5927\u80db\u9aa8\uff0c\u4e43\u65b0\u725b\u9aa8\u4eff\u5236\u8005\uff0c\u552e\u8005\u6b3a\u5916\u4eba\u4e0d\u8bc6\u771f\u4f2a\uff0c\u4e3e\u4ee5\u9b3b\u4e4b\u3002\u672a\u4e45\uff0c\u4e43\u8150\u81ed\u4e0d\u53ef\u5411\u8fe9\u3002\u7136\u660e\u6c0f\u4ece\u6b64\u6089\u5fc3\u8003\u7a76\uff0c\u7ec8\u6210\u9274\u522b\u771f\u4f2a\u80fd\u624b\u3002\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u81ea\u8c13\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6240\u5f97\u4e4b\u5927\u8005\uff0c\u4e43\u5168\u4e3a\u4f2a\u7269\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4e43\u77e5\u5c0f\u8005\u4e4b\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\uff0c\u6545\u6240\u5f97\u7532\u9aa8\u4ee5\u788e\u7247\u4e3a\u4f17\u3002<br \/>\n1915\u5e74\uff0831\u5c81\uff09\u4efb\u5b89\u9633\u658c\u82f1\u9ad8\u521d\u4e24\u7ea7\u5c0f\u5b66\u6821\u6821\u957f\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u5f00\u8bbe\u5723\u7ecf\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u4f53\u64cd\u7b49\u8bfe\u3002<br \/>\n1916\u5e74\uff0832\u5c81\uff09\u6b21\u5b50Arthur Menzies\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u5b89\u9633\uff0c\u53d6\u6c49\u540d\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\uff0c\u4e73\u540d\u5929\u5b9d\u3002\uff08\u524d\u751f\u4e00\u5b50\uff0c\u592d\u6298\u3002\uff09\u5178\u51fa\u4e2d\u56fd\u5112\u5bb6\u7ecf\u5178\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u5f00\u9996\u8bed\uff1a\u201c\u5927\u5b66\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n1917\u5e74\uff0833\u5c81\uff093\u6708 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\/>\n1917-1920\u5e74 \u65f6\u503c\u4e00\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165\u534f\u7ea6\u56fd\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u6d3e\u5341\u4e07\u52b3\u5de5\u8d74\u6cd5\u3002\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u968f\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u56e2\u201d<br \/>\n\u8d74\u6cd5\u56fd\u524d\u7ebf\u670d\u5f79\uff0c\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5c09\u519b\u8854\u3002\u5176\u95f4\u5229\u7528\u4f11\u5047\u673a\u4f1a\u5230\u4f26\u6566\u5927\u82f1\u535a\u7269\u9986\u53c2\u89c2\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u53e4\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u3002<br \/>\n1920\u5e74\uff0836\u5c81\uff09\u5317\u65b9\u4e94\u7701\u5927\u65f1\uff0c\u5c0f\u5c6f\u519c\u6c11\u65e0\u4ee5\u4e3a\u751f\uff0c\u9042\u76f8\u7ea6\u6316\u6398\u7532\u9aa8\u3002<br \/>\n1921\u5e74\uff0837\u5c81\uff09\u56de\u5230\u5b89\u9633\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u6559\u4f1a\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u5bf9\u5546\u5468\u9057\u7269\u7684\u6536\u85cf\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u3002<br \/>\n1921\u5e74\uff0837\u5c81\uff09\u6b21\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\u5165\u536b\u8f89\u6d77\u5916\u5b66\u6821\u8bfb\u4e66\u3002<br \/>\n1923\u5e74\uff0839\u5c81\uff09 \u658c\u82f1\u5c0f\u5b66\u505c\u529e\uff0c\u6539\u540d\u201c\u658c\u82f1\u4e2d\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4efb\u6821\u957f\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u589e\u8bbe\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u82f1\u8bed\u7b49\u8bfe\u3002<br \/>\n1924\u5e74\uff0840\u5c81\uff09\u5c0f\u5c6f\u6751\u6c11\u7b51\u5899\u53d6\u571f\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u5751\u6709\u5b57\u7532\u9aa8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\uff0c\u90fd\u552e\u4e8e\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u30021926\u5e74\uff0842\u5c81\uff093\u6708\u3000\u5c0f\u5c6f\u4eba\u5728\u5f20\u5b66\u732e\u5bb6\u83dc\u56ed\u4e2d\u5927\u4e3e\u79c1\u6398\u3002\u65f6\u5f20\u65b9\u4e3a\u532a\u63a0\u53bb\uff0c\u51fa\u6b3e\u591a\uff0c\u6751\u4eba\u4e58\u673a\u4e0e\u5546\uff0c<br \/>\n\u5f97\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\u4ee5\u534a\u6570\u5f52\u4e4b\uff0c\u7ea6\u9042\u5b9a\u3002\u6398\u5f97\u7532\u9aa8\u751a\u591a\uff0c\u591a\u5f52\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u3002<br \/>\n1927\u5e74\uff0843\u5c81\uff09\u662f\u5e74\u53c8\u8d2d\u5f97\u4e00\u6279\u7532\u9aa8\u3002\u5317\u4f10\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u85cf\u54c1\u591a\u4e3a\u5434\u4f69\u5b5a\u9a7b\u519b\u6240\u6bc1\u3002<br \/>\n1927\u5e74\u79cb \u5230\u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u534e\u8bed\u5b66\u6821(The Peking Union Language School)\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u9662(The College of Chinese Studies)\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u3002\u8be5\u6821\u8bbe\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u4e1c\u56db\u5934\u67615\u53f7\uff0c\u4e13\u4e3a\u5916\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u5f00\u8bbe\uff0c\u5b66\u52362\u5e74\u3002\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u4e00\u8fb9\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u62d3\u5236\u4ece\u5b89\u9633\u5e26\u51fa\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u62d3\u672c\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u7532\u9aa8\u85cf\u54c1\u7559\u4e0e\u8be5\u6821\u3002<br \/>\n1928\u5e74\uff0844\u5c81\uff09\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u520a\u8f7d\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u300a\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u300b\u5e8f\u8a00\u8bd1\u6587\u3002<br \/>\n1928\u5e74 \u7532\u9aa8\u62d3\u672c\u8457\u5f55\u300a\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u540e\u7f16\u300b\u7f16\u7ae3\uff0c\u76f4\u81f31972\u5e74\u7531\u53f0\u6e7e\u827a\u6587\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u51fa\u7248\u3002<br \/>\n1928\u5e74\uff0844\u5c81\uff099\u6708 \u5168\u5bb6\u4ece\u5929\u6d25\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u73af\u7403\u65c5\u884c\u3002\u5148\u540e\u8f97\u8f6c\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u4e4c\u5c14\u3001\u57fa\u4ec0\u3001\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u7b49\u8003\u53e4\u80dc\u5730\u3002\u5176\u540e\u4ece\u5df4\u683c\u8fbe\u4e58\u8f66\u7a7f\u8d8a\u6c99\u6f20\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u5927\u9a6c\u58eb\u9769\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u5357\u4e0b\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u7684\u62ff\u6492\u52d2\u548c\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u3002<br \/>\n1929\u5e74\uff0845\u5c81\uff096\u6708 \u5728\u9760\u8fd1\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u7684Tell En-Nasbeh \uff0c\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u59c6\u00b7\u5085\u745e\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u8d1d\u5fb7\u535a\u58eb\u53c2\u52a0\u8003\u53e4\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u53d1\u6398\uff0c\u4e3a\u671f4\u4e2a\u6708\u3002<br \/>\n1928\u5e7410\u670813\u65e5\u2014\u20141937\u5e746\u670819\u65e5 \u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5bf9\u5b89\u9633\u5c0f\u5c6f\u6bb7\u589f\u9057\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8615\u6b21\u53d1\u6398\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u670940\u591a\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u53d1\u6398\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5171\u51fa\u571f\u6bb7\u5546\u7532\u9aa824918\u7247\uff0c\u9752\u94dc\u5668\u6570\u4ee5\u4e07\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u796d\u7940\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u7528\u54c1\u3001\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n1930\u5e74\uff0846\u5c81\uff092\u670810\u65e5 \u4e03\u8a00\u00b7\u9047\u6bb7\u589f<br \/>\n\u67f3\u6811\u51fa\u82bd\u9a91\u767d\u9a6c\uff0c\u767d\u9a6c\u8d70\u65f6\u987a\u6d39\u6cb3\u3002<br \/>\n\u62fe\u7834\u9676\u5668\u5bfb\u5148\u53e4\uff0c\u5c0f\u5b69\u5f15\u5230\u51fa\u53e4\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76d8\u5e9a\u6bb7\u589f\u65e0\u75d5\u8ff9\uff0c\u5e74\u524d\u82b1\u6839\u767d\u5730\u7acb\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f59\u601d\u76d8\u5e9a\u5b83\u5179\u9091\uff0c\u5546\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e8b\u95ee\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1930\u5e74\u79cb \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u6210\u7acb\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3002<br \/>\n1930\u5e74\uff0846\u5c81\uff09\u79cb \u5c063\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u795e\u6237\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6d77\u5916\u5bc4\u5bbf\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u592b\u5987\u6765\u5230\u5b89\u9633\u3002<br \/>\n1931\u5e74\uff0847\u5c81\uff09\u300a\u5546\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u300b\u5728\u53f2\u5bc6\u68ee\u5b66\u4f1a\u5e74\u5ea6\u62a5\u544a\u53d1\u8868\u3002<br \/>\n1932\u5e74\uff0848\u5c81\uff0912\u67081\u65e5 \u7f8e\u56fd\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u5305\u5fb7\u81f4\u4fe1\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u54c8\u5927\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u5bc4\u6765\u5bb9\u5e9a\u65b0\u8457\u300a\u6587\u5b57\u5b66\u300b\u3002<br \/>\n1932-1936\u5e74 \u88ab\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u8058\u4e3a\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5f00\u8bbe\u300a\u7532\u9aa8\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u4e0e\u300a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u4e0e\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u300b<br \/>\n\u8bfe\u7a0b\u30021932\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6536\u96c6\u85cf\u54c1\u8fd0\u6d4e\u5357\uff0c\u5728\u6821\u5185\u81ea\u529e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u3002<br \/>\n1933\u5e74\uff0849\u5c81\uff093\u6708 \u5b8c\u6210\u77f3\u5370\u8bb2\u4e49\u300a\u7532\u9aa8\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u5f71\u5370\u672c1996\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u884c\u3002\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u5728\u8be5\u4e66\u4e2d\u81ea\u8ff0\u9053\uff1a\u201c1924\u5e74\uff0c\u4f59\u6709\u75be\u4e00\u6708\uff0c\u624d\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u5c0f\u5c6f\u4eba\u6253\u5899\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u5751\u7532\u9aa8\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f59\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5927\u7684\u30021927\u30011928\u4e8c\u5e74\u95f4\u62d3\u672c\u6210\uff0c\u5373\u300a\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u540e\u7f16\u300b\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u5751\u7532\u9aa8\u662f\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u85cf\u54c1\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<br \/>\n\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u89c2\u300b\u8bba\u6587\u3002<br \/>\n1935\u5e74\uff0851\u5c81\uff09 \u643a\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\u8bbf\u5b89\u9633\u3002<br \/>\n1936\u5e74\uff0852\u5c81\uff093\u670823\u65e5 \u7ed9\u54c8\u71d5\u5b66\u793e\u6267\u884c\u8463\u4e8b\u7684\u56de\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u5c71\u4e1c\u3001\u6cb3\u5357\u5730\u533a\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u7684\u53d1\u7965\u5730\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u5b54\u5b50\u3001\u5b5f\u5b50\u3001\u58a8\u5b50\u548c\u5e84\u5b50\u7b49\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u57fa\u7840\u3002<br \/>\n1936\u5e74\uff0852\u5c81\uff09\u590f \u56de\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5ea6\u5047\u3002<br \/>\n1936\u5e74\uff0852\u5c81\uff09\u79cb \u5728\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u6ce8\u518c\u653b\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<br \/>\n1937\u5e74\uff0853\u5c81\uff097\u67087\u65e5 \u5362\u6c9f\u6865\u4e8b\u53d8\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4fb5\u534e\u3002\u662f\u5e74\u81f3\uff11\uff19\uff14\uff13\u5e74\uff0c\u5e94\u8058\u7687\u5bb6\u5b89\u5927\u7565\u535a\u7269\u8fdc\u4e1c\u90e8\u9986\u52a9\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u9274\u5b9a\u4e2d\u56fd\u85cf\u54c1\u3002<br \/>\n1940\u5e74 \uff0856\u5c81\uff09 \u56de\u56fd\u4f11\u5047\u3002\u6350\u8d60\u8c6b\u5317\u5dee\u4f1a150\u52a0\u5143\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u201c\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u57fa\u91d1\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8c6b\u5317\u5730\u533a\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002<br \/>\n1941\u5e74\uff0857\u5c81\uff0912\u6708 \u4e8c\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u3002<br \/>\n1942\u5e74\uff0858\u5c81\uff0911\u6708 \u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u5546\u6208\u300b\u83b7\u5f97\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u88ab\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u6388\u4e88\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<br \/>\n1943-1946\u5e74\u3000\uff0859\u5c81\uff09\u5e94\u8058\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u6218\u65f6\u65b0\u95fb\u5c40\uff0c\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u8d74\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u3002<br \/>\n1944\u5e74\uff0860\u5c81\uff09\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u5415\u8d85\u5c06\u519b\u4e66\u8d60\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\uff1a\u201c\u4e3a\u516c\u7406\u6b63\u4e49\u800c\u6218\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5e73\u800c\u6218\u3002\u4ee5\u6218\u5219\u80dc\uff0c\u4ee5\u653b\u5219\u514b\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n1945\u5e74\uff0861\u5c81\uff09\u5230\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n1946\u5e74\uff0862\u5c81\uff096\u670811\u65e5 \u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u81f4\u4fe1\u6b21\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\u6536\u5230W.B.\u5f7c\u7279\u65af5\u670811\u65e5\u53d1\u81ea\u5317\u5e73\u7684\u4fe1\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6211\u5f53\u5e74\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u8054\u5408\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6821\u5730\u4e0b\u5ba4\u4e2d\u7684\u85cf\u54c1\u5b89\u7136\u65e0\u6059\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u5360\u9886\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u5927\u697c\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6ca1\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5199\u4fe1\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ed6\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7532\u9aa8\u59a5\u5584\u5730\u8fd0\u5230\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u675c\u5112\u5fb7\u535a\u58eb\u90a3\u91cc\u2026\u2026\u6211\u5c06\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u5730\u52a0\u4ee5\u6574\u7406\u548c\u51fa\u7248\u2026\u2026\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u6350\u8d60\u7ed9\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u9f50\u5927\u4f1a\u6c38\u4e45\u5730\u4fdd\u6301\u5b83\u5728\u7532\u9aa8\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n1947\u5e74\uff0863\u5c81\uff09\u6625 \u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u5357\u4e0b\u8def\u8fc7\u8c6b\u5317\uff0c\u536b\u8f89\u3001\u6c72\u53bf\u53ca\u5b89\u9633\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u7eb7\u7eb7\u64a4\u79bb\u3002<br \/>\n1947\u5e7411\u670817\u65e5 \u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u81f4\u4fe1\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\uff0c\u8c08\u4ed6\u5728\u534e\u76db\u987f\u56fd\u4f1a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff1a\u201c\u6bcf\u5f53\u6211\u7814\u7a76\u8d77\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u611f\u89c9\u8eab\u4f53\u597d\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u89c9\u7761\u5f97\u597d\uff0c\u996d\u4e5f\u5403\u5f97\u9999\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f7f\u6211\u91cd\u8fd4\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n1947\u5e74\u51ac \u5728\u534e\u76db\u987f\u56fd\u4f1a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u4f1a\u89c1\u8463\u4f5c\u5bbe\u3002\u8463\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8d60\u9001\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u4e66\u6cd5\u4e00\u5e45\uff0c\u8463\u4f5c\u5bbe\u81ea\u8dcb\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u6625\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u6b21\u53d1\u6398\u6bb7\u589f\uff0c\u5f97\u6b64\u9f9f\u8179\u7532\u53f3\u4e0b\u7ea6\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6b66\u4e01\u4e16\u535c\u7532\uff0c\u72e9\u517c\u8bb0\u64d2\u83b7\u4e4b\u8f9e\u3002\u7b14\u753b\u4e2d\u6d82\u9970\u6731\u7802\uff0c\u9c9c\u4e3d\u5982\u65b0\u3002\u4e09\u5341\u516d\u5e74\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u65e5\u5199\u4e8e\u534e\u76db\u987f\u56fd\u4f1a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u4ee5\u8d60\u9614\u522b\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u4e4b\u8001\u53cb\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u5148\u751f\u3002\u8463\u4f5c\u5bbe\u5e76\u8bc6\u3002\u201d\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u56de\u5fc6\u6b64\u4e8b\uff1a\u201c\u660e\u6c0f\u4e3a\u4f5c\u8005\u8001\u53cb\uff0c\u5916\u4eba\u4e4b\u6ce8\u610f\u6bb7\u589f\u8003\u53e4\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u5f7c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u524d\u5e74\u5728\u534e\u76db\u987f\u76f8\u9047\uff0c\u77e5\u5f7c\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u2018\u6208\u2019\uff0c\u65b0\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u65f6\u5e74\u6709\u516d\u5341\u4e09\u3002\u897f\u4eba\u6cbb\u5b66\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u53ef\u4f69\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n1947\u5e747\u670811\u65e5 \u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u683c\u5170\u65af\u901a\u5c0f\u59d0\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5979\u59a5\u5584\u4fdd\u7ba1\u4e00\u4ef6\u4ee3\u9501\u7684\u7ea2\u6f06\u6728\u76d2\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u4e00\u5bb6\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u5f80\u7684\u4e66\u4fe1\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u85cf\u54c1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u5230\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u5929\u6d25\u9ea6\u514b\u5c3c\u58eb\u5148\u751f\u7684\u9601\u697c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u4e00\u6279\u5f88\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u6587\u7269\u3002\u2026\u2026\u7532\u9aa8\u5c31\u653e\u5728\u94c1\u76ae\u76d2\u7684\u62bd\u5c49\u91cc\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4f5b\u90ce\u897f\u4e1d\u548c\u57c3\u5c14\u6587\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u8c01\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u544a\u8bc9\u8fc7\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u2026\u2026\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u5e94\u8be5\u7559\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n1947\u5e74\uff0863\u5c81\uff09\u590f \u8c6b\u5317\u5dee\u4f1a\u89e3\u6563\uff0c\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u4e4b\u6b21\u5973\u5f17\u6717\u897f\u4e1d\u53ca\u5a7f\u57c3\u5c14\u6587\u79bb\u5f00\u5b89\u9633\u5230\u6210\u90fd\u3002<br \/>\n\u957f\u5973\u739b\u4e3d\u740f\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e0a\u6d77\u201c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u4e16\u754c\u5b66\u751f\u6551\u63f4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n\u6b21\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\u62c5\u4efb\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u8fdc\u4e1c\u53f8\u53f8\u957f\u3002<br \/>\n1947\u5e7412\u670811\u65e5 \u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u81f4\u4fe1\u6b21\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u548c\u4f60\u5988\u6700\u8fd1\u90fd\u5f97\u4e86\u6d41\u611f\u3002\u2026\u2026\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u6269\u5145\u6211\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u5546\u6208\u300b\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n1948\u5e74\uff0864\u5c81\uff093\u6708 \u4ece\u6d77\u5916\u4f20\u6559\u534f\u4f1a\u9000\u4f11\u3002<br \/>\n1948\u5e744\u670823\u65e5 \u8463\u4f5c\u5bbe\u81f4\u4fe1\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\uff1a\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8001\u5144\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u6700\u65e9\u4e4b\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u2026\u2026\u542c\u8bf4\u60a8\u4e0d\u4e45\u53ef\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u53bb\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u5174\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5c40\u5b89\u5b9a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u6240\u76fc\u671b\u7684\uff01\u201d<br \/>\n1948\u5e74\uff0864\u5c81\uff099\u670825\u65e5 \u6d4e\u5357\u89e3\u653e\u3002<br \/>\n1948\u5e74\uff0864\u5c81\uff095\u6708 \u90e8\u5206\u85cf\u54c16\u7bb1\u4ece\u5929\u6d25\u542f\u8fd0\uff0c9\u6708\uff0c\u62b5\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u3002<br \/>\n1948\u5e7410\u67082\u65e5 \u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u81f4\u4fe1\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\uff1a\u201c\u2026\u2026\u6211\u8ba1\u5212\u51fa\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u5c31\u53eb\u300a\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u6765\u5386\u300b\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u61c2\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u516c\u4f17\u9605\u8bfb\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u53e4\u5178\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u975e\u5e38\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\uff1f\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u660e\u548c\u82cf\u7f8e\u5c14\u6587\u660e\u3001\u57c3\u53ca\u6587\u660e\u4e00\u6837\u53e4\u8001\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u613f\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u201d<br \/>\n1949\u5e74\uff0865\u5c81\uff09\u521d \u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u6b21\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f62\u52bf\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u51c6\u5907\u5f53\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<br \/>\n1949\u5e74\uff0865\u5c81\uff0910\u6708 \u5317\u4eac\u534f\u548c\u534e\u8bed\u5b66\u6821(The Peking Union Language School)\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u85cf\u54c1\uff08\u5305\u62ec20000\u4f59\u7247\u7532\u9aa8\uff09\u8f6c\u4ea4\u5317\u4eac\u6545\u5bab\u535a\u7269\u9662\u3002\u8be5\u6279\u85cf\u54c1\u76f4\u81f31974\u5e74\u5728\u6545\u5bab\u4ed3\u5e93\u88ab\u610f\u5916\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<br \/>\n1951\u5e74\uff0867\u5c81\uff09\u590f \u65f6\u4efb\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u957f\u7684\u6797\u4ef0\u5c71\u4ea4\u51fa\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u85cf\u54c1\u5730\u56fe\u3002<br \/>\n1951\u5e74\uff0867\u5c81\uff09\u300a\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u53d1\u8868\u4e4b\u7532\u9aa8\u4e00\u7bb1<br \/>\n\uff08\u8ba1\u67092390\u7247\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u65f6\u4efb\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4f4f\u534e\u4e34\u65f6\u4ee3\u529e\u5207\u65af\u7279\u00b7\u90ce\u5b81\u8f6c\u4ea4\u5357\u4eac\u535a\u7269\u9662\u6536\u85cf\u3002<br \/>\n1957\u5e743\u670816\u65e5\uff0872\u5c81\uff09\u901d\u4e16\u4e8e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3002<br \/>\n1960\u5e743\u6708 \u90e8\u5206\u85cf\u54c1\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u523b\u6709\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\u56db\u5343\u4e03\u767e\u4ef6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u8868\u8fc7\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u62d3\u7247\u4e8c\u5343\u516b\u767e\u4e00\u5341\u4e8c\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u5176\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\u53ca\u59bb\u5b50\u6350\u8d60\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u53ca\u7687\u5bb6\u5b89\u5927\u7565\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff0c\u5e76\u8fbe\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u7531\u535a\u7269\u9986\u51fa\u8d4440000\u52a0\u5143\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u201c\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u57fa\u91d1\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\uff1a1.\u51fa\u7248\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u5546\u6208\u300b\uff1b2.\u4ece\u53f0\u6e7e\u9080\u8bf7\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u85cf\u54c1\u4e2d\u672a\u7ecf\u8457\u5f55\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u7406\u5e76\u51fa\u7248\uff1b3.\u5bf9\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u7684\u7532\u9aa8\u62d3\u7247\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u7248\u3002<br \/>\n1976-1980\u5e74 \u6b21\u5b50\u660e\u660e\u5fb7\u51fa\u4efb\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u9a7b\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u5927\u4f7f\u3002\u5176\u95f4\uff0c\u660e\u660e\u5fb72\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u65e7\u5740\uff0c2\u6b21\u5230\u8bbf\u5b89\u9633\u53ca\u5c0f\u5c6f\u3002<br \/>\n1999\u5e746\u6708 \u751f\u524d\u6536\u96c6\u76843\u7bb1\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8d44\u6599\u548c\u56fe\u4e66\u6350\u8d60\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c71\u4e1c\u5927\u5b66\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u91d1\u77f3\u62d3\u7247\u3001\u7167\u7247\u3001\u4e66\u7c4d\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef6\u3001\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u65e5\u8bb0\u3001\u624b\u7a3f\u7b49\uff09\u3002 \uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u66fe\u53c2\u8003\u65b9\u8f89\u300a\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u85cf\u54c1\u300b\u3001\u5bcc\u5584\u300a\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u4f20\u7565\u300b\u3001\u738b\u5b87\u4fe1\u300a\u7532\u9aa8\u5b66\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u7b49\uff0c\u4e00\u5e76\u81f4\u8c22\uff01\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u9644\uff1a\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u8457\u4f5c\uff1a<br \/>\n\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u540e\u7f16\u53d9\u8a00 \u66fe\u6bc5\u516c\u82f1\u8bd1\u4e2d\u6587\u672c 1928\u5e74 \u9648 \u67f1\u82f1\u8bd1\u4e2d\u6587\u672c<br \/>\n\u5546\u4ee3\u4e4b\u53e4\u9aa8 \u6d4e\u5357\u5e7f\u667a\u9662 1933\u5e74<br \/>\n\u7532\u9aa8\u7814\u7a76\u521d\u7f16 \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u8bb2\u4e49\u77f3\u5370\u672c 1933\u5e74 \u9f50\u9c81\u4e66\u793e\u5f71\u5370\u672c 1996\u5e742\u6708<br \/>\n\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e \u4e0a\u6d77\u522b\u53d1\u6d0b\u884c\u77f3\u5370\u672c 1917\u5e743\u6708 \u53f0\u5317\u827a\u6587\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u77f3\u5370\u672c 1972\u5e743\u6708<br \/>\n\u67cf\u6839\u6c0f\u65e7\u85cf\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57 \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5b63\u520a \u7b2c6\u30017\u671f \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240 1935\u5e74<br \/>\n\u6d4e\u5357\u5e7f\u667a\u9662 \u53f0\u5317\u827a\u6587\u5370\u4e66\u9986 1978\u5e743\u6708<br \/>\n\u8f85\u4ec1\u5927\u5b66\u6240\u85cf\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\u2014\u2014\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u5148\u751f\u85cf\u62d3\u672c \u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b57 \u7b2c50\u518c 1973\u5e7412\u6708<br \/>\n\u8868\u8f83\u65b0\u65e7\u671f\u6bb7\u865a\u4e66\u5951\u524d\u7f16\u5e76\u8bb0\u6240\u5f97\u4e4b\u65b0\u6750\u6599 \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5b63\u520a\u7b2c2\u671f 1933\u5e746\u6708<br \/>\n\u5546\u4ee3\u4e4b\u6587\u5316 \u534e\u76db\u987f \u56fd\u7acb\u535a\u7269\u99861931\u5e74\u5ea6\u62a5\u8003<br \/>\n\u5546\u4ee3\u6587\u5316 \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5b63\u520a\u7b2c1\u671f 1932\u5e7412\u6708<br \/>\n\u7532\u9aa8\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u521d\u7f16\uff09 \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u77f3\u5370 1933\u5e74\u6625<br \/>\n\u9a6c\u53ef\u6ce2\u7f57\u65f6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f20\u64ad \u6cb3\u5357\u5b63\u520a 1933\u5e741\u6708\u82f1\u6587<br \/>\n\u4e2d\u56fd\u5546\u4ee3\u4e4b\u535c\u9aa8 \u6d4e\u5357\u6276\u8f6e\u793e\u62a5\u544a 1933\u5e74<br \/>\n\u8bba\u6c47\u5370\u8042\u514b\u900a\u5148\u751f\u6240\u6536\u85cf\u9752\u94dc\u5341\u5b57\u62bc<br \/>\n\u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5b63\u520a 1934\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f<br \/>\n\u5546\u4ee3\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u601d\u60f3 \u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u6742\u5fd7\u7b2c67\u671f1936\u5e74<br \/>\n\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u89c2 \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5b63\u520a1936\u5e745\u670831\u65e5<br \/>\n\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4e0a\u5e1d \u9f50\u9c81\u5927\u5b66 1936\u5e746\u6708<br \/>\n\u5546\u5468\u7684\u7f8e\u672f \u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u6742\u5fd7\u7b2c67\u671f 1936\u5e74<br \/>\n\u5546\u4ee3\u9752\u94dc\u6587\u5316 \u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587 1941\u5e74<br \/>\n\u5546 \u6208 \u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587 1942\u5e7411\u6708<br \/>\n\u5546 \u6208 \u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248 1965\u5e74<\/p>\n<p>\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u8457\u4f5c\uff1a<br \/>\n\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u540e\u7f16<br \/>\n\u5546\u4ee3\u738b\u59a3\u4e16\u7cfb\u8003\uff08\u8349\u7a3f\uff09<br \/>\n\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u7c7b\u8003\uff08\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\uff09<br \/>\n\u535c\u8f9e\u4e2d\u5546\u4ee3\u4e4b\u6218\u4e89\uff08\u90e8\u5206\u5b8c\u6210\uff09<br \/>\n\u5546\u4ee3\u5668\u76bf\u5f62\u5f0f\u8003\uff08\u8d44\u6599\u5df2\u6536\u96c6\uff09<br \/>\n\u9f50\u5927\u53e4\u5668\u7269\u5ba4\u5f55\u7c3f<br \/>\n\u4e2d\u56fd\u521d\u65f6\u4e4b\u7f8e\u672f<br \/>\n\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u6587\u5b57\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u5b8c\u6210\u5361\u7247\u7d22\u5f15\uff09<br \/>\n\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u8003\u91ca<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u8457\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u4ecb\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7687\u5bb6\u5b89\u5927\u7565\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6240\u85cf\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57 \uff08\u52a0\uff09\u8bb8\u8fdb\u96c4 \u4e66\u76ee\u5b63\u520a\u7b2c5\u53773\u671f 1971\u5e74<br \/>\n\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u7eed\u7f16\u5377\u4e00 \u5b89\u5927\u7565\u535a\u7269\u9986\u51fa\u7248 1971\u5e74<br \/>\n\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u6536\u85cf\u7532\u9aa8 \u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u7687\u5bb6\u5b89\u5927\u7565\u535a\u7269\u9986 1972\u5e74<br \/>\n\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u540e\u7f16 \u8bb8\u8fdb\u96c4 1972\u5e743\u6708<br \/>\n\u6bb7\u589f\u535c\u8f9e\u7eed\u7f16\u5377\u4e8c \u5b89\u5927\u7565\u535a\u7269\u9986\u51fa\u7248 1977\u5e74<br \/>\n\u660e\u4e49\u58eb\u6536\u85cf\u7532\u9aa8\u91ca\u6587\u7bc7 1977\u5e74<br \/>\n\u7687\u5bb6\u5b89\u5927\u7565\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6240\u85cf\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u5b57\u7d22\u5f15\uff081-9\uff09 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