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19\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u95ee\u9898\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u6cdb\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6cd5\u88d4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5230\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u5730\u533a\u6cd5\u88d4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u7531\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6d88\u6781\u627f\u53d7\u8f6c\u4e3a\u79ef\u6781\u8fdb\u653b\u3001\u7531\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u6f6e\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5206\u79bb\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5b17\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5:<\/p>\n
1.\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u50ac\u751f\u5242\u2014\u2014\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6cd5\u88d4\u4f20\u7edf\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u5177\u6709\u65e0\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6cd5\u88d4\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u53cd\u590d\u5f3a\u8c03:\u201c\u6cd5\u88d4\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4eba\u7684\u524d\u9014\u5728\u4e8e\u519c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u90fd\u5e02\u5316\u662f\u5bf9\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u201d\u2460\u4f46\u81ea19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u5927\u6279\u62e5\u6709\u8d44\u672c\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u82f1\u88d4\u4eba\u6d8c\u5165\u9b41\u5317\u514b\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u968f\u4e4b\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u9010\u6e10\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u82f1\u88d4\u4e3b\u5bfc\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6cd5\u88d4\u4e3b\u5bfc\u6587\u5316\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u2461\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u82f1\u88d4\u5c45\u6c11\u9ad8\u9ad8\u5728\u4e0a\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u8005\u59ff\u6001\u56e0\u5176\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u800c\u6108\u53d1\u51f8\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n
20\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u30021939-1950\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u989d\u6bd4\u4e8c\u6218\u524d\u589e\u957f\u4e86188%\uff0c\u4ea7\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u4e8692%\u3002\u2462\u800c\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u4f34\u968f\u7684\u662f\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u662f\u519c\u4e1a\u4eba\u53e3\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c1941\u5e74\u6cd5\u88d4\u519c\u4e1a\u4eba\u53e3\u5360\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u768441%\uff0c\u523050\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u8be5\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5df2\u964d\u4e3a13%\u3002\u2463<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u6cd5\u88d4\u793e\u4f1a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u8fd1\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4ece\u5e7f\u5ea6\u8fd8\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u7a7a\u524d\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u7531\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u519c\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u5411\u73b0\u4ee3\u57ce\u5e02\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u8fc7\u6e21\u7684\u6025\u5267\u53d8\u8fc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u6614\u65e5\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u4f46\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6cd5\u88d4\u5c45\u6c11\u4e3b\u8981\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u906d\u5230\u524a\u5f31\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u6cd5\u88d4\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u52bf\u529b\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u5f0f\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u2464\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fc1\u5165\u57ce\u5e02\u4ece\u4e8b\u73b0\u4ee3\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u6cd5\u88d4\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6cd5\u88d4\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u3001\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u65b0\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u201d\u2465\u7684\u767d\u9886\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6210\u4e3a\u6cd5\u88d4\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5904\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u5206\u6743\u3001\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u65e5\u76ca\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n
2.\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u201c\u4e3b\u4eba\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5e73\u9759\u7684\u9769\u547d(Quiet Revolution)\u3002<\/p>\n
1960\u5e74\uff0c\u8ba9\u00b7\u52d2\u8428\u70ed\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u5728\u7701\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u83b7\u80dc\u3002\u5728\u201c\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u5bb6\u56ed\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e8b\u60c5\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u201d\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u611f\u53ec\u4e0b\uff0c\u2466\u52d2\u8428\u70ed\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8f83\u4e3a\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5177\u6709\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u6539\u9769\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u89c9\u9192\uff0c\u72b9\u5982\u4e00\u628a\u5939\u4f4f\u6cd5\u88d4\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u94c1\u5939\u7a81\u7136\u677e\u5f00\u4e86\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\u548c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e00\u8d77\u8ff8\u53d1\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\u201d\u3002\u2467\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u300a\u73af\u7403\u90ae\u653f\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u8bb0\u8005\u5c06\u4e4b\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5e73\u9759\u7684\u9769\u547d\u201d\u3002\u2468<\/p>\n
\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec:(1)\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9769\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u52d2\u8428\u70ed\u653f\u5e9c\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8fd0\u7528\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u6cd5\u88d4\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4f9d\u9644\u6027;\u63d0\u9ad8\u6cd5\u88d4\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6cd5\u88d4\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u5bb6\u56ed\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
(2)\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u9769\u3002\u201c\u5e73\u9759\u7684\u9769\u547d\u201d\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u6cd5\u88d4\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u5316\u3002\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u4e8e1961\u5e74\u8bbe\u7acb\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u8c03\u67e5\u7687\u5bb6\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u540c\u5e7410\u6708\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5baa\u7ae0\u201d\u7684\u6539\u9769\u6cd5\u6848\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u52d2\u8428\u70ed\u653f\u5e9c\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u51fa\u8d44\u5efa\u7acb\u7a33\u56fa\u7684\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u6350\u52a9\u517b\u8001\u91d1\u8ba1\u5212\u30021965\u5e74\uff0c\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u9669\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u5229\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n
(3)\u7701\u6743\u7684\u6269\u5927\u3002\u8054\u90a6\u603b\u7406\u76ae\u5c14\u900a\u5b9e\u884c\u4e86\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5408\u4f5c\u8054\u90a6\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u8c03\u8282\u8054\u90a6\u6743\u4e0e\u7701\u6743\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u76ae\u5c14\u900a\u540c\u610f\u5404\u7701\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u613f\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u5206\u644a\u9879\u76ee(Shared-cost Program)\u4e2d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8d22\u653f\u8d23\u4efb\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u6536\u76f4\u63a5\u7a0e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u4e0e\u539f\u6765\u8054\u90a6\u652f\u4ed8\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u6b3e\u989d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8865\u507f\u3002\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u56e0\u6b64\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u540c\u91cf\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\uff0c\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u644a\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u4e0e\u7701\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u8f83\u4e3a\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u7701\u6743\uff0c\u66f4\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u5185\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
(4)\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7701\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u529b\u91cf\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5f3a\u30021960-1966\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u7701\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u7531\u539f\u6765\u768439\u4e2a\u589e\u52a0\u523064\u4e2a\uff0c\u96c7\u5458\u4eba\u6570\u7531\u539f\u6765\u76842\u4e07\u4eba\u589e\u52a0\u52304\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u2460\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5267\u589e\uff0c\u4e3a\u6cd5\u88d4\u65b0\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5c31\u4e1a\u548c\u664b\u5347\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u516c\u5171\u5f00\u652f\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6da8\u3002<\/p>\n
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3.\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u5206\u79bb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9ad8\u6f6e\u2014\u20141980\u5e74\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u7701\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\u3002<\/p>\n
1968\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u4ee5\u52d2\u7ef4\u65af\u514b(\u6cd5\u88d4)\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6fc0\u8fdb\u6d3e\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u4eba\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u540c\u76df(\u4ee3\u8868\u6cd5\u88d4\u7684\u5229\u76ca)\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u515a\u3002\u8be5\u515a\u7684\u594b\u6597\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6e10\u8fdb\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u4eab\u6709\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u4e0e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4fdd\u6301\u5171\u540c\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u4e3b\u6743\u2014\u8054\u7cfb\u201d(Sovereignty-Association)\u30021976\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u4eba\u515a\u8d62\u5f97\u7701\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u8fd9\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u6cd5\u88d4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ece\u6b64\u8fdb\u5165\u201c\u4e3b\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
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