{"id":3770,"date":"2007-10-11T12:44:19","date_gmt":"2007-10-11T17:44:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/?p=3770"},"modified":"2007-10-11T12:46:32","modified_gmt":"2007-10-11T17:46:32","slug":"20071011%e5%85%ac%e6%8a%95%e9%97%a8%e6%a7%9b%e8%bf%87%e9%ab%98%e6%b3%a8%e5%ae%9a%e5%a4%b1%e8%b4%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/?p=3770","title":{"rendered":"20071011\/\u516c\u6295\u95e8\u69db\u8fc7\u9ad8\u6ce8\u5b9a\u5931\u8d25"},"content":{"rendered":"

2\uff1a1\u5426\u5b9a\u6539\u9769\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\u5ea6 \u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u5236\u672a\u83b7\u901a\u8fc7<\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u591a\u4f26\u591a10\u65e5\u52a0\u65b0\u793e\u7535)\u5b89\u7701\u9009\u6c11\u5468\u4e09\u53c2\u52a083\u5e74\u6765\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\uff0c\u4ee5\u5927\u7ea62\u6bd41\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u5426\u5b9a\u9009\u4e3e\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e0d\u8d5e\u6210\u63a8\u884c\u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u9009\u4e3e\u5236(mixed-member porportional)\uff0c\u5b81\u613f\u4fdd\u7559\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u591a\u6570\u7968\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\uff0c\u653e\u5f03\u6539\u9769\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u7701\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u91c7\u53d6\u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u591a\u9009\u6c11\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u516c\u6295\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5730\u533a\u6295\u7968\u7ad9\u89c2\u5bdf\u5458\u5a01\u5c14\u91d1\u65af(Judy Wilkings)\u5468\u4e09\u665a\u95f4\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u6c11\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\u9009\u7968\u7684\u7528\u5904\u3002\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d70\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u8bf4\uff1a\u2018\u8fd9\u5f20\u9009\u7968\u600e\u4e48\u7528\uff1f\u2019\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u660e\u767d\u8fd9\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u5f04\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u7701\u9009\u4e3e\u7f72\u575a\u79f0\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u6709\u5ba3\u4f20\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\u3002\u5b89\u7701\u9996\u5e2d\u9009\u52a1\u5b98\u970d\u6797\u65af(John Hollins)\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b89\u7701\u9009\u4e3e\u7f72\u8017\u8d44680\u4e07\u5143\uff0c\u4ece8\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u5ba3\u4f20\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u9009\u4e3e\u7f72\u5728\u793e\u533a\u8bb2\u89e3\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\u51e0\u767e\u6b21\uff0c\u53d1\u653e\u8fd1500\u4e07\u4efd\u5ba3\u4f20\u5355\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7701\u62a5\u7eb8\u3001\u7535\u53f0\u548c\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u520a\u767b\u5e7f\u544a\u3002\u4f46\u8bba\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u7f72\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e3a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e2d\u7acb\u65e0\u515a\u6d3e\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u6700\u5927\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u5236\u5fc5\u987b\u83b7\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc760%\u6295\u7968\u9009\u6c11\u652f\u6301\uff0c107\u4e2a\u9009\u533a\u4e2d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c1164\u4e2a\u9009\u533a\u7684\u591a\u6570\u9009\u6c11\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516c\u6295\u5426\u51b3\u9009\u4e3e\u6539\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u661f\u5c9b\u65e5\u62a5\/\u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u5236\u867d\u7136\u672a\u80fd\u5728\u4eca\u6b21\u516c\u6c11\u590d\u51b3\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u9009\u4e3e\u6539\u9769\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u4ecd\u7136\u5bc4\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u53d6\u5f97\u9ad8\u7968\u7387\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u884c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9769\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u622a\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\u51cc\u66682\u65f630\u5206\uff0c\u70b9\u7968\u670963%\u8d5e\u6210\u73b0\u884c\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c \u670936%\u8d5e\u6210\u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5351\u8bd7\u7701\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6539\u9769\u4e5f\u672a\u80fd\u901a\u8fc72005\u5e74\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u590d\u51b3\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u83b7\u5f97\u7ea658%\u7684\u504f\u9ad8\u652f\u6301\u7387\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4e8e2009\u5e74\u8fdb\u884c\u53e6\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u590d\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u652f\u6301\u8005\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b89\u7701\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u5b9a\u51fa\u4e86\u53cc\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u8981\u53d6\u5f9760%\u7684\u7968\u6570\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u662f\u5728107\u4e2a\u9009\u533a\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u8981\u670964\u4e2a\u9009\u533a\u53d6\u5f9750%\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u652f\u6301\u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u5236\u8fd0\u52a8\u7ecf\u7406\u54e5\u987f(Larry Gordon)\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6709\u6539\u5584\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u53c8\u8865\u5145\u79f0\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u53ea\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cd\u5bf9\u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u5236\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4f59\u798f\u5fb7(Michael Ufford)\u4ea6\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5236\u5ea6\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u7968\u6570\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u96be\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u518d\u6b21\u4e3e\u884c\u5168\u6c11\u590d\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u534e\u88d4\u65e0\u7a81\u7834\u793e\u533a\u8868\u9057\u61be<\/strong> <\/p>\n

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\u51af\u7389\u5170\uff1a\u6c14\u6c1b\u6c89\u95f7\u65e0\u60ca\u559c<\/p>\n

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2\uff1a1\u5426\u5b9a\u6539\u9769\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\u5ea6 \u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u5236\u672a\u83b7\u901a\u8fc7 (\u591a\u4f26\u591a10\u65e5\u52a0\u65b0\u793e\u7535)\u5b89\u7701\u9009\u6c11\u5468\u4e09\u53c2\u52a083\u5e74\u6765\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\uff0c\u4ee5\u5927\u7ea62\u6bd41\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u5426\u5b9a\u9009\u4e3e\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e0d\u8d5e\u6210\u63a8\u884c\u6df7\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ee3\u8868\u9009\u4e3e\u5236(mixed-member porportional)\uff0c\u5b81\u613f\u4fdd\u7559\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u591a\u6570\u7968\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\uff0c\u653e\u5f03\u6539\u9769\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002 \u5b89\u7701\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u6c11\u516c…
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