\u661f\u62a5\u901a\u8baf\u793e\u7535\/\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u6e38\u620f(Sudoku)\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u75f4\u8ff7\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5c40\u5916\u4eba\u5e38\u5e38\u7b11\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u8ba8\u82e6\u5403\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u96be\u65e0\u6bd4\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6e38\u620f\u4e0a\u6d6a\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u7687\u540e\u5927\u5b66(Queen’s University)\u76842\u540d\u6559\u6388\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u73a9\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u6e38\u620f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u5b66\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u5bf9\u7eaf\u6570\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u7701\u7687\u540e\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u4f55\u59ff\u73c0(Agnes Herzberg)\u548c\u58a8\u63d0(Ram Murty)\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u8ff7\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u5f7c\u6b64\u90fd\u9189\u5fc3\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u98ce\u9761\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u65f6\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd0\u75282\u4eba\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u624d\u667a\uff0c\u8054\u624b\u63ed\u5f00\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u7684\u8c1c\u5e95\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe\u7740\u8272\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
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\u58a8\u63d0\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f55\u59ff\u73c0\u8fd0\u7528\u7eaf\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df1\u5965\u5206\u652f\u56fe\u7740\u8272\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u5b9a\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u6e38\u620f\u53ea\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u786e\u89e3\u6cd5\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u90fd\u53d1\u73b0\u8fc7\u62a5\u7eb8\u548c\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u6e38\u620f\u5b58\u5728\u81f3\u5c112\u79cd\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f55\u59ff\u73c0\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u672c\u610f\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5e76\u975e\u90fd\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4eca\u5929\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u534f\u4f1a(American Mathematical Society)\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u8bba\u6587\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u6e38\u620f\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u81f3\u5c1117\u4e2a\u8d77\u5934\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u81f3\u5c118\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u8fbe29\u4e2a\u8d77\u5934\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u5b58\u57285,472,730,538\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u4f46\u6709\u6548\u7684\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u6e38\u620f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u63ed\u5f00\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u7684\u8c1c\u5e95\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a81\u4e2a\u65b9\u683c\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u8c31\u4e0a\u7684\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f9\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u989c\u8272\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u5171\u8fb9\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u70b9\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e24\u884c\u3001\u5217\u6216\u4e5d\u4e58\u4e5d\u683c\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u5185\u65b9\u6846\u4e0a\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7eaf\u6570\u5b66\u5df2\u7814\u7a76\u51fa\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe\u7740\u8272\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e24\u540d\u6559\u6388\u5c06\u5176\u6210\u529f\u5730\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u4ecd\u7136\u4e00\u7b79\u83ab\u5c55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u552f\u4e00\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u8d77\u5934\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u3002\u58a8\u63d0\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f16\u6216\u66f4\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u7535\u8111\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6b64\u4f5c\u51fa\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u90fd\u79f0\u5bf9\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u521b\u9020\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u5b9a\u51fa\u96be\u5ea6\u5927\u60d1\u4e0d\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u65f6\u201c\u9b54\u9b3c\u96be\u5ea6\u201d\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u53cd\u800c\u6bd4\u201c\u5bb9\u6613\u201d\u7684\u66f4\u597d\u89e3\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u6e38\u620f\u7686\u7531\u7535\u8111\u7a0b\u5e8f\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ecd\u7531\u624b\u5de5\u7f16\u5236\uff0c\u50cf\u586b\u8bcd\u6e38\u620f\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u654f\u611f\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n
\u58a8\u63d0\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u654f\u611f\u8d44\u6599–\u4f8b\u5982\u91d1\u878d\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb –\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7f51\u683c\u4e0a17\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7531\u6240\u670981\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u8baf\u606f\u53ea\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u8fd917\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5168\u90e8\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u9632\u6b62\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e2d\u9014\u62e6\u622a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6570\u5b57\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u7eaf\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u7edf\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u7814\u7a76\u6574\u6570(1\uff0c2\uff0c3…)\u3002\u6570\u5b57\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u8d28\u6570(\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab1\u548c\u672c\u8eab\u6574\u9664\u7684\u6574\u6570)\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u548c\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
Sudoku helps hone logic<\/strong><\/p>\n Professors say Sudoku helps players hone logic skills \u2013 `You could call it math by stealth’<\/p>\n Jun 07, 2007 04:30 AM Sudoku addicts can now scoff at sourpusses who complain they’re wasting time on those often fiendish numbers puzzles.<\/p>\n Two Queen’s University professors say instead that tackling Sudoku is fostering better math skills among Canadians and providing new challenges for academics who specialize in pure mathematics.<\/p>\n Sudoku enthusiasts Agnes Herzberg and Ram Murty pooled their respective academic talents to tackle the mysteries of Sudoku after discovering both were fascinated by the phenomenal popularity of the puzzles.<\/p>\n “If you told Sudoku aficionados that they’re actually doing something mathematicians call a graph theory colouring problem, they’d be bowled over,” says Murty, a specialist in number theory. Herzberg is an expert in statistics.<\/p>\n Yet the logical skills people must hone to solve Sudoku puzzles are crucial to thinking clearly about mathematics, he said.<\/p>\n “You could call it math by stealth,” he said. <\/p>\n Applying the arcane branch of pure mathematics known as graph colouring allowed the Queen’s professors to lay down for the first time ever the minimal conditions for a Sudoku puzzle to have just one correct solution.<\/p>\n Both Murty and Herzberg say they’ve come across Sudokus in newspapers and magazines that had at least two correct solutions. They use one from Air Canada’s enRoute magazine in their research paper.<\/p>\n “The implication is that you do the puzzle and there is only one answer. But that’s not always the case,” said Herzberg.<\/p>\n Their research, published today by the American Mathematical Society, shows that a puzzle must start with at least 17 entries with a minimum of eight different numbers to offer the prospect of just one answer and puzzles with as many as 29 starting entries can still have more than one correct solution.<\/p>\n And there are more than enough squares to feed the obsession: the researchers say there are 5,472,730,538 different and valid Sudoku games.<\/p>\n They tackled the mysteries of Sudoku by treating the 81 squares as points on a graph each of which could be one of nine different colours. But pairs of these points which shared an edge couldn’t be the identical colour, just as the same number can’t be in two rows, columns or inner squares of the nine-by-nine Sudoku puzzle.<\/p>\n Pure mathematics has developed sophisticated approaches to graph colouring which the Queen’s professors successfully applied to Sudokus.<\/p>\n But the professors are still stumped by some Sudoku characteristics, like the absolute minimum number of initial numbers that will produce a puzzle with only one solution. It could be 16 or even smaller, says Murty, and computers simply aren’t up to the job of running the necessary calculation.<\/p>\n As well, both say they’re puzzled by how Sudoku creators come up with the difficulty ratings for their puzzles, with “fiendish” sometimes proving less trouble than “easy.” Most Sudokus are generated by computer programs, although some are still handcrafted like crossword puzzles.<\/p>\n Murty says the Sudoku research could have practical applications in the encryption of sensitive information, such as financial transfers. If 17 numbers in a grid produce a unique answer, then a message represented by all 81 numbers could be passed along by transmitting only those 17, foiling would-be interception.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u661f\u62a5\u901a\u8baf\u793e\u7535\/\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u6e38\u620f(Sudoku)\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u75f4\u8ff7\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5c40\u5916\u4eba\u5e38\u5e38\u7b11\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u8ba8\u82e6\u5403\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u96be\u65e0\u6bd4\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u6e38\u620f\u4e0a\u6d6a\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u7687\u540e\u5927\u5b66(Queen’s University)\u76842\u540d\u6559\u6388\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u73a9\u201c\u6570\u72ec\u201d\u6e38\u620f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u5b66\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u5bf9\u7eaf\u6570\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002 \u5b89\u7701\u7687\u540e\u5927\u5b66…
\nPeter Calamai
\nScience writer<\/p>\n
Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2255"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2255"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2255\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}