{"id":1825,"date":"2007-04-26T20:16:49","date_gmt":"2007-04-27T01:16:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/?p=1825"},"modified":"2007-04-26T20:20:11","modified_gmt":"2007-04-27T01:20:11","slug":"20070426%e7%bb%b4%e5%9f%ba%e7%99%be%e7%a7%91%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%ac%e9%83%bd%e8%ae%ae%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/?p=1825","title":{"rendered":"20070426\/\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff1a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff08Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0IPCC\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u9884\u8ba1\u4ece1990\u5e74\u52302100\u5e74[2]\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u6e29\u5c06\u5347\u9ad81.4\u2103\uff0d5.8\u2103\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u52302050\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6c14\u6e29\u7684\u5347\u5e45\u51cf\u5c110.02\u2103\uff0d0.28\u2103\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u548c\u73af\u4fdd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8d28\u7591\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u6807\u51c6\u5b9a\u5f97\u592a\u4f4e\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u5371\u673a\u3002\u800c\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4eec\u6307\u51fa\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u53ea\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65[3]\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230UNFCCC\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4eca\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u7ee7\u7eed\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fbe\u5230UNFCCC 4.2(d)[4]\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6982\u51b5<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\n\u25a0\uff1a\u7f14\u7ea6\u56fd\u5e76\u5373\u5c06\u7b7e\u7f72\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6
\n\u25a0\uff1a\u7f14\u7ea6\u4f46\u62d2\u7edd\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6
\n\u25a0\uff1a\u6001\u5ea6\u672a\u5b9a<\/p>\n

1997\u5e7412\u6708\u6761\u7ea6\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4eac\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1998\u5e743\u670816\u65e5\u81f31999\u5e743\u670815\u65e5\u95f4\u5f00\u653e\u7b7e\u5b57\uff0c\u6761\u7ea6\u4e8e2005\u5e742\u670816\u65e5\u5f00\u59cb\u5f3a\u5236\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u52302005\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u6709156\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u8be5\u6761\u7ea6\uff08\u5360\u5168\u7403\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u768461%\uff09[5]\uff0c\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u6fb3\u6d32\u6ca1\u6709\u7b7e\u7f72\u8be5\u6761\u7ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

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carbon_emission_by_region.jpg
\n\u4ece1800\u5e74\u52302000\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u7684\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u5730\u533a\u5206\u5e03<\/p>\n

\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6b27\u76df<\/strong><\/p>\n

2002\u5e745\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u6b27\u76df\u5f53\u65f6\u768415\u4e2a\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u5728\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6, \u6b27\u76df\u7684\u539f\u6709\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u5927\u7ea6\u5360\u5168\u7403\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u768421%\uff0c\u6761\u7ea6\u89c4\u5b9a\u8981\u628a\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u6bd41990\u5e74\u51cf\u5c118%\u3002\u6b27\u76df\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u652f\u6301\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u76f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u8bf4\u670d\u90a3\u4e9b\u7acb\u573a\u6447\u6446\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u52a0\u5165\u6761\u7ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

2002\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u6b27\u76df\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u653e\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ea4\u6613\u914d\u989d\u5305\u62ec\u516d\u79cd\u5173\u952e\u884c\u4e1a\uff1a\u80fd\u6e90\u3001\u94a2\u94c1\u3001\u6c34\u6ce5\u3001\u73bb\u7483\u3001\u5236\u7816\u548c\u9020\u7eb8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ea4\u6613\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u90a3\u4e9b\u96be\u4ee5\u8fbe\u6807\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6700\u7ec8\u8fbe\u6807\u3002\u4ea4\u6613\u4ef7\u683c\u4ece2005\u5e74\u768440\u6b27\u5143\u6bcf\u5428\u4f1a\u6da8\u52302008\u5e74\u7684100\u6b27\u5143\/\u5428\u3002\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u9879\u76ee\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u52302008\u5e74\u51cf\u5c114.7%\u7684\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u603b\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u7684\u8c08\u5224\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c1997\u5e746\u670825\u65e5\u7f8e\u56fd\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u5c31\u4ee595\u7968\u5bf9\u96f6\u7968\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u201c\u4f2f\u5fb7\u00b7\u54c8\u683c\u5c14\u51b3\u8bae\u201d(S. Res. 98)\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5f97\u7b7e\u7f72\u540c\u610f\u4efb\u4f55\u201c\u4e0d\u540c\u7b49\u5bf9\u5f85\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u9650\u5236\u7684\u6761\u7ea6\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f1a\u201c\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea7\u751f\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u201d\u3002\u4f461998\u5e7411\u670812\u65e5\u53c2\u52a0\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u526f\u603b\u7edf\u6208\u5c14\u4ecd\u7136\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u7684\u7b7e\u4e86\u5b57\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u67ef\u6797\u987f\u653f\u5e9c\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u63d0\u4ea4\u56fd\u4f1a\u5ba1\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

1998\u5e747\u6708\u67ef\u6797\u987f\u653f\u5e9c\u516c\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u987e\u95ee\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u548c\u9644\u4ef6I\/B\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u6309\u7167\u6e05\u6d01\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u653e\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7f8e\u56fd\u51cf\u5c11\u539f\u5148\u4f30\u8ba1\u82b1\u8d39\u768460%\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u89c4\u5b9a\u76842012\u5e74\u6392\u653e\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56fd\u4f1a\u9884\u7b97\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u80fd\u6e90\u90e8\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u4fe1\u606f\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\u7b49\uff0c\u5374\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c65\u884c\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u7f8e\u56fdGDP\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u603b\u7edf\u5e03\u5e0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u6761\u7ea6\u63d0\u4ea4\u56fd\u4f1a\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u53cd\u5bf9\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u592a\u9ad8\u4f1a\u635f\u5bb3\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u76ee\u524d\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u8bba[7]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u628a\u9644\u4ef6I\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u533a\u522b\u5bf9\u5f85\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u56fd\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5374\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4ed8\u51fa100%\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd8\u8981\u5728\u5bf9\u4ed8\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u62c5\u4efb\u9886\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u88ab\u9700\u8981\u627f\u62c5\u4e49\u52a1\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u6761\u7ea6\u6240\u675f\u7f1a\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u8d2f\u4e50\u4e8e\u5728\u6709\u5173\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u62c5\u4efb\u9886\u5bfc\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u548c\u964d\u4f4e\u5927\u6c14\u4e2d\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6d53\u5ea6\u8fd9\u4e00\u957f\u8fdc\u76ee\u6807\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u201d
\n\u6839\u636e\u7f8e\u56fd\u80fd\u6e90\u4fe1\u606f\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c2003\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5747\u6392\u653e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b30.74\u5428\uff0c\u6bd41990\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u4e8640%\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u5747\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e865.44\u5428\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd1\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u516b\u500d[8]\u3002\u5168\u7403\u5df2\u6709141\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\u7b7e\u7f72\u300a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec30\u4e2a\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u53e3\u4ec5\u5360\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u53e3\u76843%\u81f34%\uff0c\u6392\u653e\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u5374\u5360\u5168\u7403\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u768425%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u6700\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n

2002\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u73af\u4fdd\u5c40\u516c\u5e03\u4e86\u300a2002\u5e74\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u62a5\u544a\u300b\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bc4\u8bba\u4eba\u58eb\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u62a5\u544a\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba4\u53ef\u8be5\u516c\u7ea6\u3002\u540c\u5e74\u665a\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u8c03\u67e5\u8fc7\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u56fd\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5efa\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7UNFCCC\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u51cf\u5c11\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\u548c\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e\u603b\u7edf\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5c65\u884c\u8be5\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u56fd\u4f1a\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5236\u5b9a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b[9]\u3002<\/p>\n

2005\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u5c40\u8ba4\u540c\u4e86\u57c3\u514b\u68ee\u77f3\u6cb9\u516c\u53f8\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u516c\u53f8\u6446\u8131\u8d22\u653f\u56f0\u96be\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u6e38\u8bf4\u56e2\u4f53\u201c\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u8054\u5408\u201d\uff08Global Climate Coalition\uff09\u5728\u6b64\u4e5f\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd[10]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57282005\u5e746\u6708\u7684G8\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5ba3\u5e03\u613f\u610f\u627f\u62c5\u201c\u5df2\u5f00\u53d1\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4e0d\u635f\u5bb3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u201d\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e00\u627f\u8bfa\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u8d2f\u627f\u8bfa\uff0d\uff0d\u52302012\u5e74\u524d\u628a\u201c\u78b3\u5bc6\u5ea6\u201d\u964d\u4f4e18%\u662f\u5982\u51fa\u4e00\u8f99\u7684[11]\uff08\u78b3\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5e76\u975e\u6307\u5927\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u542b\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6307\u4ee5GDP\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u78b3\u5bc6\u5ea6\u201d\u964d\u4f4e18%\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u603b\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u5728\u589e\u52a0[12]\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u52a0\u62ff\u5927<\/strong><\/p>\n

2002\u5e7412\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u8be5\u516c\u7ea6\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u6c11\u610f\u6d4b\u9a8c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u6761\u7ea6\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5ea6\u5927\u7ea6\u572870%[15][16]\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5546\u4e1a\u56e2\u4f53\u3001\u5c11\u6570\u6c14\u5019\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u80fd\u6e90\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6301\u76f8\u540c\u89c2\u70b9\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u62c5\u5fc3\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0d\u53d7\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5229\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u52302005\u5e74\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e89\u8bba\u8fd8\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u827e\u4f2f\u5854\uff08\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6700\u5927\u7684\u77f3\u6cb9\u4ea7\u5730\uff09\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53e3\u6c34\u6218\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u7591\u8651\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u827e\u4f2f\u5854\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6fb3\u6d32<\/strong><\/p>\n

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2005\u5e747\u670828\u65e5\u6fb3\u6d32\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u300a\u4e9a\u592a\u6e05\u6d01\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u4f19\u4f34\u5173\u7cfb\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u4ee5\u4eac\u90fd\u4e3a\u540d\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5c11\u6570\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u5730\u540d\u547d\u540d\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u91cd\u8981\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0e\u6c11\u95f4\u666e\u904d\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u8363\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u662f\u6c11\u95f4\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u5168\u529b\u652f\u6301\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u76ee\u524d\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u8981\u5df2\u5f00\u53d1\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u80fd\u6e90\u53d1\u5c55\u6700\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e8e2002\u5e749\u67083\u65e5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b7e\u7f72\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u6761\u7ea6\u63a7\u5236\u6846\u67b6\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d7\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5370\u5ea6<\/strong><\/p>\n

2002\u5e748\u6708\u5370\u5ea6\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u662f\u6761\u7ea6\u63a7\u5236\u6846\u67b6\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d7\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u666e\u904d\u4f46\u6709\u6240\u533a\u5206\u7684\u8d23\u4efb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e9b\u5df2\u5f00\u53d1\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cUNFCCC\u540c\u610f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u201c\u666e\u904d\u4f46\u6709\u6240\u533a\u5206\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u201d\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u56fd\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5171\u8bc6\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u65e0\u8bba\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5df2\u5f00\u53d1\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u6392\u653e\u56fd\uff1b
\n\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u5747\u6392\u653e\u91cf\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u4f4e\u7684\uff1b
\n\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u5e94\u8be5\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u51c6\u76f8\u9002\u5e94\u3002[17]
\n\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u8c41\u514d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u65f6\u671f\u5927\u91cf\u6392\u653e\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u5e76\u9020\u6210\u5f53\u4eca\u5168\u7403\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6709\u8bc4\u8bba\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c06\u5f88\u5feb\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u91cf\u6392\u653e\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u88ab\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u6210\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u51cf\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u652f\u6301\u610f\u89c1<\/strong><\/p>\n

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2005\u5e7412\u67083\u65e5\u88ab\u63d0\u8bae\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u884c\u52a8\u65e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8499\u7279\u5a04\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u63d0\u8bae\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4e16\u754c\u793e\u4f1a\u8bba\u575b\u6240\u8ba4\u53ef[18]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u95f4\u7684\u652f\u6301<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201cKyoto Now!\u201d\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u53d1\u52a8\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6765\u652f\u6301\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u51cf\u5c11\u6392\u653e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002 2004\u5e7411\u670815\u65e5\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e5d\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e1c\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u5dde\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u201c\u533a\u57df\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative\uff0cRGGI\uff09[19]\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5dde\u4e00\u7ea7\u7684\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u4ea4\u6613\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\u901a\u8fc7\u5dde\u4e00\u7ea7\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u663e\u793a\u5373\u4f7f\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0\u51cf\u6392\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u6784\u6210\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u5458\uff1a\u7f05\u56e0\u5dde\u3001\u9ebb\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u3001\u65b0\u7f55\u5e03\u590f\u5dde\u3001\u4f5b\u8499\u7279\u5dde\u3001\u7f57\u5fb7\u5c9b\u5dde\u3001\u5eb7\u4e43\u72c4\u514b\u5dde\u3001\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u3001\u7ebd\u6cfd\u897f\u5dde\u548c\u5fb7\u62c9\u74e6\u5dde
\n\u89c2\u5bdf\u5458\uff1a\u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u3001\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u534e\u76db\u987f\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7279\u533a\u548c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4e1c\u90e8\u7701 <\/p>\n

\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u4e00\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u4e00\u5411\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u4e0e\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u592a\u6392\u653e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8868\u793a\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9669\u6076\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5b83\u6216\u8005\u4f1a\u5ef6\u7f13\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f1a\u628a\u8d22\u5bcc\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u5168\u7403\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u5411\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002\u6301\u8fd9\u79cd\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u5df2\u5f00\u53d1\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u5546\u9996\u8111\uff0c\u4e0d\u80af\u653e\u5f03\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67d0\u4e9b\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u8bf4\u5173\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u53d8\u6696\u7684\u6839\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6279\u8bc4\u5bb6\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eac\u90fd\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e66\u4f1a\u963b\u788d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u9996\u90fd\u89c4\u5212\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a[20]
\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u80fd\u6e90\u90e8[21]
\n\u7ebd\u897f\u5170\u56fd\u5bb6\u94f6\u884c[22]
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