{"id":15689,"date":"2010-05-17T20:30:48","date_gmt":"2010-05-18T01:30:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/?p=15689"},"modified":"2010-05-17T23:31:09","modified_gmt":"2010-05-18T04:31:09","slug":"20100517%e9%ba%a6%e5%8d%a1%e9%94%a1%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e7%84%a6%e8%99%91%e7%9a%84%e6%97%b6%e4%bb%a36-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/?p=15689","title":{"rendered":"20100517\/\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7126\u8651\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3(6-10)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7126\u8651\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3(6)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e1c\u65b9\u65e9\u62a5 2009-6-14 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Rebellion\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53cd\u53db\uff0c\u4ece\u94c1\u8def\u5458\u5de5\u62d2\u6302\u666e\u5c14\u66fc\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8f66\u53a2\uff0c\u5230\u6700\u540e\u5377\u5165\u5341\u4e8c\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u94c1\u8def\u5de5\u4eba\u5927\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\u6761\u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u52a8\u8109\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6253\u51fb\u4e86\u6050\u614c\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u6536\u573a\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9762\u4e34\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd8\u5f88\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u77db\u76fe\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u6fc0\u5316\u3002\u6234\u535a\u65af\u9886\u5bfc\u548c\u5e73\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u5374\u5b9e\u9645\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u4e0b\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u4ed6\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u6297\u8bae\u6f14\u5316\u4e3a\u711a\u70e7\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u548c\u5236\u9020\u706b\u8f66\u51fa\u8f68\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1b\u516c\u53f8\u6253\u7b97\u96c7\u7528\u9ed1\u4eba\u66ff\u4ee3\u7f62\u5de5\u8005\uff0c\u53c8\u5f15\u53d1\u767d\u4eba\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u653b\u51fb\uff1b\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7f62\u5de5\u540c\u60c5\u8005\u66f4\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u884c\u5176\u662f\uff0c\u5230\u5904\u5835\u585e\u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u652f\u63f4\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd8\u626c\u8a00\u8981\u653b\u51fb\u66ff\u5de5\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u7f62\u5de5\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u800c\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u6cd5\u624d\u80fd\u4ecb\u5165\u6267\u6cd5\u3002\u597d\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u6761\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7f62\u5de5\u62d2\u8f7d\u7684\u8d27\u8f66\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u8054\u90a6\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7533\u8bf7\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8054\u90a6\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9\u7f62\u5de5\u7684\u7981\u6b62\u4ee4\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u90ae\u5c40\u662f\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u3002\u5047\u5982\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u771f\u5f88\u96be\u8981\u6c42\u6cd5\u9662\u4f9d\u636e\u5dde\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7981\u6b62ARU\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u94c1\u8def\u7f62\u5de5\u3002\u6309\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u9053\u7406\u8bf4\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u52b3\u8d44\u4e24\u65b9\u90fd\u548c\u4f60\u653f\u5e9c\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u53d1\u51fa\u7981\u6b62\u4ee4\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7f62\u5de5\u4f34\u968f\u4e86\u5931\u63a7\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u60b2\u5267\u5e26\u6765\u6559\u8bad<\/strong>    <\/p>\n<p>\u6234\u535a\u65af\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\u51b3\u5b9a\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u7981\u6b62\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4e88\u7406\u776c\uff0c\u800c\u6267\u6cd5\u662f\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u653f\u5206\u652f\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u5341\u4e8c\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u514b\u91cc\u592b\u5170\uff08Grover Cleveland\uff09\u4e0b\u4ee4\u4e00\u4e07\u4e24\u5343\u540d\u9646\u519b\u58eb\u5175\u524d\u5f80\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u7b49\u5730\u6267\u6cd5\u3002\u6267\u6cd5\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u62a4\u9001\u66ff\u5de5\u4eec\u8fdb\u5165\u5de5\u4f1a\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u5de5\u3002\u519b\u961f\u7684\u5230\u6765\u5374\u523a\u6fc0\u4e86\u6c11\u4f17\u66b4\u529b\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u5bfc\u81f4\u5341\u4e09\u540d\u7f62\u5de5\u5de5\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u4e94\u5341\u4e03\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\uff0c\u917f\u6210\u5927\u60b2\u5267\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u635f\u5931\u66f4\u662f\u96be\u4ee5\u8ba1\u6570\u3002\u6234\u535a\u65af\u4f5c\u4e3aARU\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u8fdd\u6297\u6cd5\u5ead\u7981\u6b62\u4ee4\u906d\u5230\u8d77\u8bc9\uff0c\u66ff\u4ed6\u8fa9\u62a4\u7684\u5f8b\u5e08\u6234\u6d1b\uff08Clarence Darrow\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u540e\u6765\u5728\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u201c\u7334\u5b50\u5ba1\u5224\u201d\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5484\u5484\u903c\u4eba\u98ce\u683c\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u540d\u5f8b\u5e08\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u6234\u535a\u65af\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee5\u85d0\u89c6\u6cd5\u5ead\u7f6a\uff08\u8fdd\u6297\u7f62\u5de5\u7981\u6b62\u4ee4\uff09\u88ab\u5224\u516d\u4e2a\u6708\u76d1\u7981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u6848\u6700\u540e\u4e0a\u8bc9\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u4e89\u6267\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6280\u672f\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6311\u6218\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u53d1\u51fa\u7981\u6b62\u4ee4\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u6234\u535a\u65af\u7684\u5f8b\u5e08\u6234\u6d1b\u8fa9\u89e3\u7684\u843d\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u4ee4\u8981\u6c42\u590d\u5de5\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u89e3\u96c7\u30021895\u5e74\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u6700\u540e\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u610f\u89c1\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u88c1\u51b3\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5dde\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u6cd5\u5ead\u5224\u5b9a\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u6743\u7ba1\u5236\u4fdd\u969c\u5dde\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u4ee5\u53ca\u90ae\u653f\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u201c\u786e\u4fdd\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5229\u76ca\u201d\uff08ensure the general welfare of the public\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1996\u5e74\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u56db\u767e\u9875\u7684\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u57ce\u5e02\u5931\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u300b\uff08Urban Disorder and the Shape of Belief: The Great Chicago Fire, the Haymarket Bomb, and the Model Town of Pullman\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\uff08Carl Smith\uff09\u4ee5\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u548c\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u6709\u5173\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e5f\u8bc4\u8ff0\u4e86\u90a3\u4e2a\u52a8\u8361\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6234\u535a\u65af\u88c1\u51b3\uff08In re Debs\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7ea2\u8272\u6d6a\u6f6e\u51b2\u51fb\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u60b2\u5267\uff0c\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u6b64\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u52b3\u8d44\u51b2\u7a81\u79cd\u79cd\u7684\u53cd\u7701\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5404\u79cd\u76f8\u5e94\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u52b3\u8d44\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u4ef2\u88c1\u673a\u6784\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u548c\u6cd5\u56fd\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5982\u4ea4\u901a\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u610f\u7f62\u5de5\u7684\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u6709\u6743\u88c1\u51b3\u7f62\u5de5\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406\u5408\u6cd5\u3002\u52b3\u8d44\u535a\u5f08\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5408\u7406\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u59822004\u5e7412\u6708\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5730\u94c1\u5de5\u4eba\u5728\u5de5\u4f1a\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u4e3a\u85aa\u6c34\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u9020\u6210\u56db\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u635f\u5931\u3002\u7f62\u5de5\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u9020\u6210\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4ea4\u901a\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u5728\u5de5\u4eba\u5144\u5f1f\u4e2d\u95f4\u90fd\u8fd8\u7b97\u662f\u9ad8\u7684\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u52b3\u8054\u4ea7\u8054\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4e88\u652f\u6301\u3002\u6cd5\u9662\u6700\u7ec8\u5224\u51b3\u8be5\u6b21\u7f62\u5de5\u5fc5\u987b\u4e2d\u6b62\uff0c\u5224\u5de5\u4f1a\u7f62\u5de5\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e00\u5929\u7f5a\u6b3e\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u5047\u5982\u5de5\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\u4e0d\u670d\u4ece\u6cd5\u5ead\u88c1\u51b3\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0b\u4ee4\u505c\u6b62\u7f62\u5de5\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u85d0\u89c6\u6cd5\u5ead\u7f6a\u5750\u7262\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u4e2d\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\u5fc5\u987b\u53d7\u5230\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u6c11\u4f17\u6743\u5229\u4e5f\u8981\u53d7\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u4f60\u6709\u62e5\u67aa\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u548c\u4efb\u610f\u5f00\u67aa\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53cd\u7701\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u90fd\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u5c81\u6708\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u60b2\u5267\u6709\u6d41\u8840\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u53cd\u5e94\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u601d\u6f6e\u5411\u5de6\u7ffc\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6234\u535a\u65af\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8d70\u5411\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u76d1\u72f1\u516d\u4e2a\u6708\u5750\u7262\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u529f\u9605\u8bfb\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u8bfb\u6210\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u25a0<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><strong>\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7126\u8651\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3(7)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e1c\u65b9\u65e9\u62a5  2009-6-21 1:46:10<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u5236\u5ea6\u5185\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u5404\u65b9\u5404\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6797  \u8fbe<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image15697\" alt=justice.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/05\/justice.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n(\u5224\u51b3\u65af\u5eb7\u514b\u8d25\u8bc9\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fc7\u6cb3\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4eea<\/strong>    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  <\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65af\u5eb7\u514b\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u201d\uff08Schenck v. United States\uff09\u4e00\u6848\u975e\u5e38\u51fa\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u5730\u6807\u6848\u4ef6\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0a\u8bc9\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u7531\u8457\u540d\u7684\u970d\u59c6\u65af\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\uff08Justice Oliver Wendell 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Graham Phelps Stokes\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6765\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u66f4\u4f55\u51b5\u8fd9\u4f4d\u201c\u9636\u7ea7\u654c\u4eba\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u201d\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd8\u662f\u5f15\u8d77\u540c\u5fd7\u4eec\u4e0d\u5c11\u975e\u8bae\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u53cc\u53cc\u79ef\u6781\u6295\u8eab\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u5982\u706b\u5982\u837c\u7684\u52b3\u8d44\u51b2\u7a81\u4e2d\uff0c\u53f2\u591a\u53ef\u5148\u751f\u79ef\u6781\u652f\u6301\u5de5\u4eba\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u5f88\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u7ecf\u53d7\u8003\u9a8c\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d1b\u601d\u00b7\u54c8\u7acb\u7279\u4e5f\u683c\u5916\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u57281905\u5e74\u7ed3\u5a5a\u3002\u6d1b\u601d\u00b7\u54c8\u7acb\u7279\u5728\u540d\u5b57\u540e\u9762\u51a0\u4e0a\u4e86\u592b\u59d3\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u53f2\u591a\u53ef\u592b\u4eba\u3002\u5979\u4e00\u76f4\u7559\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ebf\uff0c\u800c\u53f2\u591a\u53ef\u5219\u9010\u6e10\u9000\u5230\u5199\u4f5c\u751f\u6daf\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u592b\u5987\u9010\u6e10\u4ea7\u751f\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u53f2\u591a\u53ef\u5148\u751f\u662f\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u603b\u7edf\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u603b\u7edf\u5bf9\u53c2\u6218\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u30021917\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u62a8\u51fb\u7f8e\u56fd\u53c2\u6218\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u53f2\u591a\u53ef\u5148\u751f\u56e0\u800c\u9000\u515a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8eab\u5148\u58eb\u5352\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u53c2\u519b\u4e0a\u4e86\u524d\u7ebf\u3002\u6d1b\u601d\u00b7\u54c8\u7acb\u7279\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u4e5f\u8d5e\u540c\u4e08\u592b\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u9635\u8425\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5979\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u5f00\u59cb\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u603b\u7edf\u63a8\u8fdb\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6240\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u662f\u4e24\u80a1\u9053\u4e0a\u8dd1\u7684\u8f66\u3002\u5979\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u6765\u9635\u8425\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8d70\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9635\u8425\u7684\u6700\u5de6\u7ffc\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u5de6\u7ffc\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u840c\u82bd\u540e\u6765\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u957f\u6210\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u5927\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e08\u592b\u5728\u524d\u7ebf\u6d74\u8840\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u59bb\u5b50\u7684\u6d1b\u601d\u00b7\u54c8\u7acb\u7279\u5728\u5bb6\u53cd\u6218\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u65c5\u884c\u3001\u6f14\u8bb2\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5979\u7ed9\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u91cc\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u6307\u8d23\u7f8e\u56fd\u53c2\u6218\uff0c\u8ba4\u5b9a\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u548c\u5978\u5546\u7ed3\u76df\u3002\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\u7684\u516c\u5f00\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u62db\u81f4\u8054\u90a6\u68c0\u5bdf\u5b98\u4ee5\u8fdd\u53cd\u95f4\u8c0d\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5979\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u548c\u6234\u535a\u65af\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u5728\u521d\u5ba1\u4e2d\u88ab\u5224\u5341\u5e74\u76d1\u7981\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u7684\u5f8b\u5e08\u9a6c\u4e0a\u6210\u529f\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0a\u8bc9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5979\u4e5f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u9a6c\u4e0a\u53bb\u5750\u7262\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u523b\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u505c\u6b62\u5979\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u662f\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u89c9\u81ea\u613f\u3001\u4e49\u65e0\u53cd\u987e\u6295\u5165\u6218\u706b\u7684\u58eb\u5175\uff0c\u56de\u6765\u540e\u548c\u540c\u4e00\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u53cd\u6218\u59bb\u5b50\u5982\u4f55\u518d\u5171\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u5ff5\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u592b\u5987\u575a\u6301\u4e86\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd8\u662f\u52b3\u71d5\u5206\u98de\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d1b\u601d\u00b7\u54c8\u7acb\u7279\u5199\u4e86\u51e0\u672c\u6709\u5173\u52b3\u52a8\u5987\u5973\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u5979\u7684\u4e66\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c1992\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u5bb6\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c\u8fd8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5979\u7684\u4e66\u300a\u201c\u6211\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u201d\uff1aRose Pastor Stokes\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u81ea\u4f20\u300b\u3002\u25a0<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><strong>\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7126\u8651\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3(8)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e1c\u65b9\u65e9\u62a5 2009-6-28 3:35:26<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u7eed\u6311\u6218\u53f8\u6cd5\uff0c\u80dc\u4e86\u7ee7\u7eed\u8d70\uff0c\u8f93\u4e86\u63a5\u53d7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u88c1\u3002\u5236\u88c1\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f60\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u5236\u5ea6\u5185\u8fd0\u4f5c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6797  \u8fbe<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image15698\" alt=victor_berger.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/05\/victor_berger.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n(\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u535a\u683c\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u6709\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u98ce\u91c7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>1919\u5e74\u201c\u4e94\u4e00\u66b4\u4e71\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u6234\u535a\u65af1894\u5e74\u8fdd\u6297\u6cd5\u5ead\u7f62\u5de5\u7981\u4ee4\u4e00\u6848\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u770b\u5f97\u51fa\u5bf9\u6234\u535a\u65af\u7684\u91cf\u5211\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u201c\u8282\u5236\u201d\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u9002\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u5224\u51b3\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u535a\u5f08\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u627c\u6740\u3002\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6daf\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u90a3\u90e8\u5206\u6c11\u4f17\u4f5c\u51fa\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4e0d\u6254\u70b8\u5f39\uff0c\u5de6\u7ffc\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u30021895\u5e74\u51fa\u72f1\u540e\u7684\u6234\u535a\u65af\uff0c\u5802\u5802\u6b63\u6b63\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\uff08Social Democratic Party\uff09\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4ed6\u56e0\u53cd\u6218\u518d\u6b21\u5165\u72f1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6234\u535a\u65af\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u56db\u6b21\u88ab\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u515a\u6d3e\u63a8\u9009\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u671b\u8282\u8282\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u9f13\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e0a\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6234\u535a\u65af\u53cd\u6218\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e00\u6848\u662f\u8ddf\u5728\u65af\u5eb7\u514b\u6848\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6027\u8d28\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e0a\u8bc9\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u5b9a\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u63f4\u5f15\u524d\u5224\u4f8b\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5211\u671f\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u521d\u5ba1\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u7406\u4e0b\u7ea7\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u5ba1\u67e5\u6cd5\u5ead\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u201c\u6280\u672f\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u3001\u63f4\u5f15\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u662f\u5426\u8fdd\u5baa\u3002\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u521d\u5ba1\u5224\u51b3\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u751f\u6548\u3002\u65af\u5eb7\u514b\u548c\u6234\u535a\u65af\u5404\u81ea\u5728\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u8d25\u8bc9\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5206\u522b\u5f00\u59cb\u670d\u5211\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u5211\u671f\u76f8\u5dee\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u65af\u5eb7\u514b\u88ab\u5224\u5211\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u800c\u6234\u535a\u65af\u88ab\u5224\u4e86\u6574\u6574\u5341\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5211\u671f\u7684\u957f\u77ed\u662f\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u6cd5\u5b98\u6839\u636e\u60c5\u8282\u8f7b\u91cd\u88c1\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u6cd5\u5b98\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5\u60c5\u8282\u8f7b\u91cd\u8bba\uff0c\u56db\u6b21\u6210\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u7684\u6234\u535a\u65af\uff0c\u53f7\u53ec\u53cd\u6218\u548c\u62b5\u5236\u5f81\u5175\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u5f53\u7136\u548c\u522b\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u540c\u65e5\u800c\u8bed\u3002\u800c\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b9a\u7f6a\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u8fdd\u5baa\u7684\u201c\u51a4\u72f1\u201d\uff0c\u5211\u671f\u957f\u5fc5\u5b9a\u66f4\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u9636\u7ea7\u62a5\u590d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u5f15\u53d1\u6ce2\u6f9c\u58ee\u9614\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u6297\u8bae\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0d\u5947\u602a\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u9886\u8896\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u5362\u68ee\u5821\uff08Charles Ruthenberg\uff09\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u53d1\u8d77\u5404\u5de5\u4f1a\u3001\u5404\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3001\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3001\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u653f\u8005\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5728\u514b\u91cc\u592b\u5170\u5e02\u4e3e\u884c\u5de6\u7ffc\u8054\u5408\u4e94\u4e00\u5927\u6e38\u884c\u3002\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u53d1\u8d77\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e38\u884c\u975e\u5e38\u987a\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u53e6\u5916\u51e0\u4e2a\u9769\u547d\u540c\u5fd7\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u6234\u535a\u65af\u56e0\u540c\u6837\u7f6a\u540d\u88ab\u5b9a\u7f6a\u3001\u5750\u4e86\u5c06\u8fd1\u4e00\u5e74\u7262\uff0c\u521a\u521a\u51fa\u72f1\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5230\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u6b63\u618b\u7740\u4e00\u809a\u5b50\u706b\u5462\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ed6\u6216\u8bb8\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u60f3\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5f62\u5f62\u8272\u8272\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u3001\u5305\u62ec\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e00\u8d77\u6d8c\u4e0a\u8857\u5934\u662f\u4f55\u5176\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u6e38\u884c\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u66b4\u4e71\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6599\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u600e\u6837\u5f00\u59cb\u66b4\u4e71\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u5230\u5e95\u4fe1\u8c01\u7684\u597d\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u53d8\u6210\u7fa4\u6bb4\u548c\u66b4\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u515a\u603b\u90e8\u4e5f\u88ab\u66b4\u6c11\u6d17\u52ab\u3002\u66b4\u529b\u6597\u6bb4\u9020\u6210\u4e24\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u51e0\u5341\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u52a8\u7528\u8b66\u5bdf\u90fd\u538b\u4e0d\u4f4f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5766\u514b\u5f00\u8def\uff0c\u519b\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u9a71\u6563\u66b4\u6c11\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u902e\u6355\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u767e\u4e00\u5341\u516d\u4eba\u3002\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u662f\u8fd9\u6b21\u805a\u4f17\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\uff0c\u88ab\u6cd5\u5ead\u6307\u63a7\u201c\u6709\u8c0b\u6740\u503e\u5411\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u201d\uff0c\u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6e38\u884c\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u201c\u6597\u6bb4\u7fa4\u67b6\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u6709\u5f80\u6b7b\u91cc\u6253\u7684\u67b6\u52bf\u201d\u3002\u867d\u5982\u6b64\u8d77\u8bc9\uff0c\u6cd5\u5ead\u5374\u5e76\u6ca1\u80fd\u7ed9\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u5b9a\u7f6a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e94\u4e00\u8282\u5c31\u662f1919\u5e745\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u5230\u7684\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5bc4\u51fa\u4e09\u5341\u4e2a\u90ae\u5305\u70b8\u5f39\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e94\u4e00\u8282\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u90ae\u5305\u70b8\u5f39\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u8fde\u8fde\u53d1\u751f\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u70b8\u5f39\u88ad\u51fb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u76841919\u5e74\u201c\u4e94\u4e00\u66b4\u4e71\u201d\u4e5f\u5f15\u53d1\u6b64\u540e\u5168\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u5927\u5c0f\u66b4\u4e71\uff0c\u4ee4\u201c\u60e7\u6015\u7ea2\u8272\u201d\u5347\u6e29\u3002\u514b\u91cc\u592b\u5170\u5e02\u62a5\u7eb8\u5f88\u5feb\u62ab\u9732\uff0c\u8bf4\u662f\u67e5\u4e0b\u6765\u5728\u6597\u6bb4\u73b0\u573a\u88ab\u6355\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u767e\u4e00\u5341\u516d\u4eba\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u53ea\u6709\u516b\u4e2a\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u4e3e\u56fd\u54d7\u7136\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u540e\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u884c\u653f\u5206\u652f\u8bd5\u56fe\u501f\u52a9\u79fb\u6c11\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5206\u5b50\u4ee5\u79fb\u6c11\u9012\u89e3\u51fa\u5883\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5371\u673a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(\u6ca1\u6709\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u7684\u201c\u603b\u7edf\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u88ab\u56fd\u4f1a\u62d2\u4e4b\u95e8\u5916\u7684\u8bae\u5458)<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u6d1b\u601d\u00b7\u54c8\u7acb\u7279\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u524d\u8eab\u7684\u201c\u5de6\u7ffc\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u53c2\u4e0e\u521b\u5efa\u7f8e\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff0c\u5e76\u62c5\u4efb\u4e86\u591a\u5e74\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e89\u593a\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\u4e0e\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5de6\u7ffc\u653f\u515a\u4eec\u4e89\u6597\u3001\u8054\u5408\u3001\u53c8\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u4e07\u822c\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u8bb0\u5f97Warren Beatty\u96c6\u7f16\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e8e\u4e00\u8eab\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e09\u9879\u5965\u65af\u5361\u5956\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u8d64\u515a\u300b\uff08Reds\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u751f\u52a8\u518d\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u540e\u8bdd\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u76841920\u5e74\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u5e74\uff0c\u6234\u535a\u65af\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f53\u4e86\u56db\u6b21\u603b\u7edf\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u8fd9\u6b21\u4ed6\u5750\u5728\u4e9a\u7279\u5170\u5927\u7684\u8054\u90a6\u76d1\u72f1\u91cc\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u4e2a\u5211\u4e8b\u7f6a\u72af\uff0c\u5224\u51b3\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5265\u593a\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u3002\u4ed6\u8fde\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u88ab\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u5236\u5ea6\u5185\u8fd0\u4f5c\u201d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u7eed\u6311\u6218\u53f8\u6cd5\uff0c\u80dc\u4e86\u7ee7\u7eed\u8d70\uff0c\u8f93\u4e86\u63a5\u53d7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u88c1\u3002\u5236\u88c1\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f60\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u4e60\u60ef\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e60\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5e38\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5236\u88c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u652f\u6301\u4f60\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u773c\u91cc\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u7f6a\u72af\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u82f1\u96c4\u3002\u6234\u535a\u65af\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4e66\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u56db\u6b21\u6210\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u8bf4\u662f\u4e94\u6b21\u3002\u539f\u6765\u57281920\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5370\u5728\u9009\u7968\u4e0a\uff0c\u5374\u6709\u8fd1\u767e\u4e07\u652f\u6301\u8005\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u7968\u4e0a\u5199\u4e0a\u4e86\u6234\u535a\u65af\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4ed6\u603b\u5171\u83b7\u5f97913,664\u5f20\u201c\u81ea\u9009\u7968\u201d\uff08write- in votes\uff09\uff0c\u5360\u9009\u7968\u603b\u6570\u76843.4\uff05\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7ade\u9009\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u8fde\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u56da\u72af\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u60ca\u4eba\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u7ade\u9009\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u53ea\u5f97\u5230\u4e03\u4e07\u5f20\u9009\u7968\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5de6\u7ffc\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6210\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u201c\u8d70\u8bae\u4f1a\u9053\u8def\u201d\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u535a\u683c\uff08Victor Berger\uff09\uff0c1910\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee3\u8868\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u7b2c\u4e94\u9009\u533a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8eab\u4efd\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u56fd\u4f1a\u8bae\u5458\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee5\u6311\u6218\u95f4\u8c0d\u6cd5\u88ab\u5224\u5211\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u5ba1\u88ab\u5224\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e00\u8def\u4e0a\u8bc9\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u535a\u683c\u53cd\u6218\u6709\u4ed6\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u8fd8\u63ba\u6742\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u6309\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u7f57\u9a6c\u5c3c\u4e9a\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u90a3\u91cc\u662f\u201c\u5965\u5308\u5e1d\u56fd\u201d\u3002\u79fb\u6c11\u7f8e\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bb6\u91cc\u8bb2\u5fb7\u8bed\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u73af\u5883\u662f\u5fb7\u88d4\u73af\u5883\u3002\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\u7f8e\u3001\u5fb7\u7684\u654c\u5bf9\u6218\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5fb7\u88d4\u79fb\u6c11\u666e\u904d\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u6c11\u4f17\u601d\u6f6e\u4e0a\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0a\u770b\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u535a\u683c\u548c\u6234\u535a\u65af\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u91cd\u7f6a\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u963b\u6321\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u7ee7\u7eed\u628a\u4ed6\u9009\u4e3a\u8054\u90a6\u4f17\u8bae\u5458\u3002\u4ed6\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd8\u5728\u4e0a\u8bc9\u9014\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u50cf\u6234\u535a\u65af\u90a3\u6837\u8e72\u5728\u7262\u91cc\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u671f\u5230\u534e\u76db\u987f\u56fd\u4f1a\u5927\u53a6\u4e0a\u4efb\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u7740\u5b9e\u7ed9\u56fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u96be\u9898\u3002\u56fd\u4f1a\u5f53\u65f6\u4e13\u95e8\u6210\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u53d7\u4ed6\u3002\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u201c\u4e0d\u80fd\u201d\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u56fd\u4f1a\u7559\u7740\u7a7a\u7f3a\uff0c\u800c\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u533a\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u7279\u6b8a\u8865\u9009\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u575a\u6301\u9009\u4e0a\u4e86\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u535a\u683c\u3002\u56fd\u4f1a\u518d\u6b21\u62d2\u7edd\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u535a\u683c\u81ea\u5df1\u7ade\u9009\u843d\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f60\u5230\u5e95\u8981\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48<\/strong>    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   <\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u4e00\u4e9b\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u4f1a\u63d0\u5230\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u60e7\u6015\u7ea2\u8272\u201d\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u4f1a\u751a\u81f3\u62d2\u7edd\u63a5\u53d7\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u5f53\u9009\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u8bf4\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u535a\u683c\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u56f0\u6270\u56fd\u4f1a\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6301\u7ea2\u8272\u653f\u6cbb\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u8bae\u5458\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u6cd5\u4e0a\u4efb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56fd\u4f1a\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u6cd5\u5ead\u521d\u5ba1\u5b9a\u7f6a\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u91cd\u7f6a\u72af\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u535a\u683c\u88ab\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u63a8\u7ffb\u521d\u5ba1\u5224\u51b3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u7f6a\u72af\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7ef4\u514b\u591a\u00b7\u535a\u683c\u53ea\u8981\u5f53\u9009\uff0c\u90fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8fdb\u5165\u56fd\u4f1a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u6b64\u540e\u6765\u8fd8\u53c2\u4e0e\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5efa\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u95f4\u8c0d\u6cd5\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u53731918\u5e74\u7684\u201c\u717d\u52a8\u66b4\u4e71\u6cd5\u201d\uff08the Sedition Act\uff09\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u975e\u5e38\u77ed\uff0c1920\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6ee5\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cd5\u6848\u3002\u800c\u95f4\u8c0d\u6cd5\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5e9f\u6b62\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5374\u5728\u65e5\u540e\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6b21\u88c1\u51b3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b83\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u4f9d\u636e\u95f4\u8c0d\u6cd5\u5bf9\u65af\u5eb7\u514b\u6848\u7684\u88c1\u51b3\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u53cd\u6218\u7279\u5b9a\u9f13\u52a8\u7684\u5371\u9669\u78b0\u649e\u3002\u5c31\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u73af\u5883\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6218\u4e89\u548c\u6218\u4e89\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u6b64\u627c\u6740\u4e00\u5207\u6218\u65f6\u7684\u53cd\u6218\u8a00\u8bba\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u73af\u5883\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u5730\u70b9\u4e0b\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u5b9a\uff0c\u53cd\u6218\u5ba3\u4f20\u4f1a\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6218\u51b5\u5e26\u6765\u201c\u6e05\u695a\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u5371\u9669\u201d\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6c1b\u56f4\u4e0b\u6380\u8d77\u62d2\u670d\u5175\u5f79\u5927\u6f6e\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u771f\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u4ed7\u662f\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u548c\u5e73\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u6b21\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u540c\u6837\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u53e6\u4f5c\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u65f6\u8fc7\u5883\u8fc1\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5175\u5f79\u5236\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5f53\u4e0d\u5f53\u5175\u5168\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u8003\u4e0d\u8003\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5f3a\u5236\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u6218\u4e89\u3001\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u6218\u4e89\u4e25\u91cd\u4f24\u4ea1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53cd\u6218\u6d3e\u547c\u58f0\u5929\u5929\u4e0d\u65ad\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6062\u590d\u5175\u5f79\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u7f3a\u8fc7\u5175\u6e90\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u60e9\u7f5a\u53cd\u6218\u8a00\u8bba\u4e86\u3002\u25a0<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><strong>\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7126\u8651\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3(9)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e1c\u65b9\u65e9\u62a5 2009-7-5 2:43:25<\/p>\n<p>\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u51b2\u51fb\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u975e\u5e38\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u60e7\u7ea2\u201d\u65f6\u671f\u5374\u975e\u5e38\u77ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6797  \u8fbe<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u9063\u9001\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u8005\u56de\u6545\u4e61<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u717d\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u610f\u5927\u5229\u88d4\u70b8\u5f39\u624b\u7684\u52a0\u5229\u963f\u5c3c\uff0c\u57281919\u5e746\u6708\u5927\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u540e\u5c31\u88ab\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u88ab\u9063\u9001\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6781\u7aef\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c1918\u5e74\u79fb\u6c11\u6cd5\u5e72\u8106\u88ab\u53eb\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6392\u65a5\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u610f\u5927\u5229\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u65cf\u88d4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9769\u547d\u6545\u4e61\u6765\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6709\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\uff08Alexander Berkman\uff09\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5973\u53cb\u7231\u739b\u00b7\u9ad8\u5fb7\u66fc\uff08Emma Goldman\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u5230\uff0c\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u5de5\u5382\u52b3\u8d44\u51b2\u7a81\u60b2\u5267\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u5916\u5730\u201c\u4ece\u5929\u800c\u964d\u201d\u7684\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7a81\u7136\u523a\u6740\u5de5\u5382\u4e3b\u7ba1\u798f\u7acb\u514b\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u4f24\u3002\u8fd9\u540d\u6740\u624b\u5c31\u662f\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u3002\u4ed6\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u5224\u4e86\u5341\u56db\u5e74\u5f92\u5211\u30021921\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u56da\u5f92\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff08Prison Memoirs of an Anarchist\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51fa\u72f1\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u529e\u4e86\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c\u8fd8\u53c2\u4e0e\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u529e\u4e86\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u8303\u5229\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\uff08Ferrer Center\uff09\u7684\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u8303\u5229\u662f\u4e2a\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u9769\u547d\u8005\u3002\u4f5c\u5bb6\u6770\u514b\u00b7\u4f26\u6566\u8fd8\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b66\u6821\u4f5c\u8fc7\u6f14\u8bb2\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b\u83f2\u52d2\u5bb6\u65cf\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u77ff\u4ea7\u516c\u53f8\u4e0b\u5c5e\u79d1\u7f57\u62c9\u591a\u5dde\u77ff\u56e0\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u5dee\u7b49\u7b49\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u53c8\u5f15\u53d1\u5168\u7f8e\u77ff\u5de5\u8054\u5408\u5de5\u4f1a\uff08UMWA\uff09\u53f7\u53ec\u7684\u5927\u7f62\u5de5\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u6bd4\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u51b2\u7a81\u4e8b\u4ef6\u66f4\u4e3a\u8840\u8165\uff0c\u6f14\u6210\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u201c\u9636\u7ea7\u6218\u4e89\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7164\u77ff\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u5bf9\u6297\u672c\u8eab\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\uff0c\u7f62\u5de5\u5de5\u4eba\u4e0e\u88ab\u5de5\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u5de5\u8d3c\u201d\u7684\u66ff\u5de5\u5de5\u4eba\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u66ff\u5de5\u88ab\u8c0b\u6740\u627e\u4e0d\u51fa\u51f6\u624b\u7684\u3002\u8d44\u65b9\u548c\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u7684\u5382\u5bb6\u4e00\u6837\u96c7\u7528\u79c1\u4eba\u4fdd\u5b89\u516c\u53f8\u56f4\u5835\u5de5\u4eba\u8425\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bb6\u4fdd\u5b89\u516c\u53f8\u6bd4\u5e73\u514b\u987f\u516c\u53f8\u51f6\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u6700\u540e\u5bfc\u81f4\u67aa\u6218\u3002\u6bd4\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u4e8b\u4ef6\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u67aa\u6218\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b89\u516c\u53f8\u653e\u706b\u70e7\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u8425\u5e10\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u67aa\u6218\u6b7b\u4f24\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5341\u51e0\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5de5\u4eba\u5bb6\u5c5e\u7684\u5987\u5973\u548c\u5c0f\u5b69\u56e0\u6b64\u7a92\u606f\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u4e8b\u540e\u5de5\u4eba\u53c8\u62c9\u51fa\u4e00\u652f\u6e38\u51fb\u961f\uff0c\u88ad\u51fb\u5dde\u56fd\u6c11\u5175\u4ee5\u53ca\u516c\u53f8\u4fdd\u5b89\u961f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u65e0\u6cd5\u6536\u573a\uff0c\u4ee5\u8054\u90a6\u519b\u961f\u902e\u6355\u53cc\u65b9\u4eba\u5458\u5e73\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u60f3\u800c\u77e5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u7b49\u4eba\u8fd9\u662f\u591a\u5927\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u30021914\u5e74\u590f\u5929\uff0c\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5408\u4f19\u4eba\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u70b8\u5f39\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u8fdb\u5165\u5c0f\u6d1b\u514b\u83f2\u52d2\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\u5f15\u7206\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6df7\u4e0d\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u4f34\u5728\u83b1\u514b\u8f9b\u987f\u5927\u9053\u79df\u7684\u4f4f\u6240\uff0c\u5728\u5236\u4f5c\u65b0\u70b8\u5f39\u65f6\u5374\u610f\u5916\u5f15\u7206\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u70b8\u5f39\u624b\u5168\u90e8\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u8fd8\u70b8\u6b7b\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u540d\u65e0\u8f9c\u5973\u4eba\uff0c\u70b8\u584c\u4e86\u51e0\u5c42\u697c\uff0c\u591a\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u88ab\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6307\u8ba4\u662f\u7b56\u5212\u5408\u8c0b\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5426\u8ba4\u77e5\u60c5\u3002\u6700\u540e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0d\u4e86\u4e86\u4e4b\u30021916\u5e74\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u53bb\u4e86\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u603b\u7edf\u8282\u5927\u7206\u70b8\uff0c\u4e24\u540d\u70b8\u5f39\u624b\u70b8\u6b7b\u5341\u4eba\u70b8\u4f24\u56db\u5341\u4eba\u3002\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u5b89\u6392\u56fd\u9645\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5728\u5f7c\u5f97\u683c\u52d2\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u524d\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u52a0\u5dde\u5dde\u957f\u8d66\u514d\u4e86\u70b8\u5f39\u624b\u7684\u6b7b\u5211\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1917\u5e74\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u548c\u4ed6\u540c\u6837\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u5973\u53cb\u7231\u739b\u00b7\u9ad8\u5fb7\u66fc\u4e00\u8d77\u521b\u529e\u201c\u62d2\u670d\u5175\u5f79\u8054\u76df\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u516c\u7136\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e861917\u5e74\u95f4\u8c0d\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u5224\u5211\u4e24\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u670d\u5211\u91ca\u653e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4fc4\u88d4\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u4e24\u767e\u56db\u5341\u4e5d\u4eba\uff0c\u88ab\u4e00\u8239\u9012\u89e3\u56de\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u540e\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u9012\u89e3\u4e13\u8239\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u82cf\u8054\u65b9\u821f\u201d\u3002\u6070\u5728\u4e34\u8d70\u524d\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u5728\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u544a\u522b\u5bb4\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f20\u6765\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u524d\u4ed6\u523a\u6740\u672a\u9042\u7684\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u5de5\u5382\u4e3b\u7ba1\u798f\u7acb\u514b\u53bb\u4e16\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u798f\u7acb\u514b\u662f\u88ab\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9012\u89e3\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u79fb\u6c11\u9012\u89e3\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u6311\u6218<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u957f\u5e15\u5c14\u9ed8\u7ed5\u5f00\u53f8\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u79fb\u6c11\u9012\u89e3\u6765\u89e3\u9664\u6050\u6016\u88ad\u51fb\u5371\u673a\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u9762\u4e34\u63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F. 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Weston 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2009-7-12 3:28:33<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u770b\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de6\u7ffc\u5bf9\u5f53\u5e74\u82cf\u8054\u201c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u5ba1\u5224\u201d\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u4e3a\u5176\u8fa9\u62a4\u3001\u8fd8\u662f\u6301\u53cd\u5bf9\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6797\u8fbe<\/p>\n<p><img id=\"image15699\" alt=russian.jpg src=\"http:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/05\/russian.jpg\" \/><br \/>\n(\u5728\u5217\u5b81\u9675\u5893\u4e0a\u89c2\u793c\uff0c1927\u5e74\u3002\u524d\u6392\u5de6\u8d77\uff1a\u91cc\u79d1\u592b\u3001\u5e03\u54c8\u6797\u3001\u52a0\u91cc\u5b81\u3001\u65af\u5927\u6797)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de6\u7ffc\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u63a5\u8f68\u4e2d\u7684\u56f0\u6270<\/strong> 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<\/p>\n<p>\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u548c\u9ad8\u5fb7\u66fc\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\uff1a\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u60b2\u5267\u300b\uff08The Russian Tragedy\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u548c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u300b\uff08The Russian Revolution and the Communist Party\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u514b\u90ce\u65af\u5854\u5fb7\u53cd\u53db\u300b\uff08The Kronstadt Rebellion\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e8c\u4eba\u8fd8\u5404\u81ea\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u4f2f\u514b\u66fc\u7684\u90a3\u672c\u662f1925\u5e741\u6708\u51fa\u7248\u7684\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u662f\u300a\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u4e4b\u8c1c\u300b\uff08The Bolshevik Myth\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51e1\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u5de6\u7ffc\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56f0\u6270\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u674e\u5fb7\u66fe\u7ecf\u5199\u51fa\u8d5e\u626c\u82cf\u4fc4\u9769\u547d\u7684\u300a\u9707\u64bc\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5341\u5929\u300b\uff0c\u5728\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u4e00\u6279\u6df1\u5165\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u6700\u96be\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6bcd\u56fd\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u3001\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u90a3\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u9769\u547d\u540e\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u672a\u7ecf\u5ba1\u5224\u5c31\u5224\u5211\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5224\u6b7b\u5211\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5f88\u5feb\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u9886\u5bfc\u4e16\u754c\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u548c\u90a3\u4e2a\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u8868\u9762\u63a5\u8f68\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u54ea\u6015\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5ba1\u5224\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e0d\u771f\u8bda\u5ba1\u5224\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u6bd4\u6ca1\u6709\u597d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e60\u60ef\u4e86\u6cd5\u6cbb\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u5de6\u7ffc\u4eec\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff0c\u6b7b\u5fc3\u584c\u5730\u8ddf\u4f60\u8d70\u5462\uff1f\u201c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u201d\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u969c\u788d\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u91cf\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u82f1\u8bed\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8bcd\uff1a\u201cshow trial\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e0a\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff1a\u96c6\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u67d0\u79cd\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u6446\u6837\u5b50\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5ba1\u5224\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u767b\u5cf0\u9020\u6781\u7684show trial\u53d1\u751f\u57281938\u5e741\u6708\u81f33\u6708\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u5ba1\u5224\u201d\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u519b\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\uff0c\u5224\u51b3\u5305\u62ec\u5e03\u54c8\u6797\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u540d\u82cf\u8054\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u4e3a\u201c\u53f3\u6d3e\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u53cd\u82cf\u96c6\u56e2\u201d\u3002\u7f6a\u884c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u80cc\u53db\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6697\u6740\u5217\u5b81\u3001\u57fa\u6d1b\u592b\u3001\u9ad8\u5c14\u57fa\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u6700\u540e\u5ba3\u5224\uff0c\u5341\u516b\u4eba\u88ab\u5224\u5904\u6b7b\u5211\uff0c\u4e09\u4eba\u88ab\u957f\u671f\u5265\u593a\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u540e\u76841988\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5168\u4f53\u4f1a\u8bae\u624d\u4e00\u81f4\u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u6d88\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6062\u590d\u540d\u8a89\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u573a\u5ba1\u5224\u5bf9\u4e8e\u82cf\u8054\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u63a5\u8f68\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5b83\u7684\u672c\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6253\u7b97\u8ba9\u88ab\u544a\u8bb2\u4ec0\u4e48\u9053\u7406\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6253\u7b97\u4ee5\u5ba1\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bfb\u6c42\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u63a5\u8f68\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd8\u662f\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u201c\u4eba\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u6027\u672c\u5584\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5929\u6027\u91cc\u5176\u5b9e\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5584\u6076\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5728\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u9519\u4e8b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6709\u628a\u5b83\u8fa9\u767d\u4e3a\u201c\u5bf9\u201d\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\uff0c\u8fa9\u767d\u5c31\u5728\u8bc1\u660e\u5185\u5fc3\u6709\u5584\u6076\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u7528\u8fa9\u767d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u82cf\u4fc4\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u59821936\u5e74\u5361\u5ef7\u68ee\u6797\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u5c60\u6740\u4e86\u56db\u5343\u6ce2\u5170\u519b\u5b98\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u771f\u7684\u4e0d\u81ea\u77e5\u5176\u4e3a\u6076\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u628a\u5b83\u683d\u5230\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u5934\u4e0a\u3002\u5ba1\u5224\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u6700\u8d77\u7801\u7684\u826f\u77e5\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7acb\u56fd\u4e4b\u672c\u3002\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u957f\u671f\u7528\u67d0\u4e2a\u501f\u53e3\u6765\u8986\u76d6\u548c\u5426\u5b9a\uff1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u5bfb\u6c42\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u5ba1\u5224\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de6\u7ffc\u7684\u51b2\u51fb<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5ba1\u5224\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u771f\u8bda\u201d\u5bfb\u6c42\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u82cf\u4fc4\u7406\u5ff5\u786e\u5b9e\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u6cfe\u6e2d\u5206\u660e\u3002\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u8868\u9762\u63a5\u8f68\u3002\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u6848\u63a8\u7ffb\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u96c5\u79d1\u592b\u5217\u592b\u770b\u4e861938\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u88ab\u544a\u201c\u6beb\u65e0\u4f8b\u5916\u5730\u4e00\u81f4\u800c\u8c10\u8c03\uff0c\u9648\u8ff0\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u88ab\u544a\u90fd\u6307\u8d23\u81ea\u5df1\u72af\u6709\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7f6a\u884c\uff0c\u90fd\u81ea\u6211\u63ed\u9732\u3001\u8c34\u8d23\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u5fcf\u6094\u3002\u8c01\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e0e\u8d77\u8bc9\u4eba\u548c\u8bc1\u4eba\u4e89\u8fa9\uff0c\u4e0d\u63a8\u7ffb\u4efb\u4f55\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5bf9\u8bc1\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u5145\u3002\u5f7b\u5934\u5f7b\u5c3e\u5730\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u7f6a\u201d\u3002\u201c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u68c0\u5bdf\u957f\u5360\u7edf\u6cbb\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e3b\u6301\u548c\u5de6\u53f3\u6574\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8d77\u8bc9\u4eba\u63ed\u53d1\u8c34\u8d23\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u9644\u548c\u3002\u542c\u4e0d\u5230\u6cd5\u5b98\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u8fa9\u62a4\u4eba\u53ea\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bbd\u6055\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u6cd5\u5ead\u8fa9\u8bba\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u53cc\u65b9\u8fa9\u8bba\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4e13\u5bb6\u53c2\u52a0\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9274\u5b9a\u2026\u2026\u88ab\u544a\u4eba\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u574f\u86cb\u3002\u201d \u4ed6\u4e8e\u662f\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4ee4\u6211\u4ea7\u751f\u5982\u6b64\u5370\u8c61\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u5e55\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7b56\u5212\u3001\u9884\u5148\u6392\u7ec3\u597d\u7684\u95f9\u5267\u3002\u201d <\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u4fe1\u4ef0\u575a\u5b9a\u8005\uff0cshow trial\u8fd8\u662f\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5ba1\u5224\u521a\u521a\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c1938\u5e744\u6708\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u9752\u5e74\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u89c2\u5bdf\u300b\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u8ddf\u8fdb\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5ba1\u5224\uff1a\u5b83\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u300b\uff08The Moscow Trial\uff1aIts Meaning and Importance\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c31\u4e3a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u5ba1\u5224\u8fa9\u62a4\uff1a\u201c\u88ab\u544a\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u90fd\u8ba4\u7f6a\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u7f6a\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u8ba1\u53ef\u65bd\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e8b\u5148\u8c03\u67e5\u5df2\u7ecf\u6446\u51fa\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u65e0\u53ef\u4e89\u8fa9\uff1b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f4d\u7684\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u522b\u3002\u201d\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u628a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u5ba1\u5224\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u4f5c\u6bd4\u5bf9\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u6ee5\u7528\u53db\u56fd\u7f6a\uff0c\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\uff1a\u201c\u53ea\u6709\u5bf9\u5408\u4f17\u56fd\u53d1\u52a8\u6218\u4e89\u3001\u6216\u6295\u5411\u5b83\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u4e8e\u654c\u4eba\u4ee5\u534f\u52a9\u53ca\u65b9\u4fbf\u8005\uff0c\u65b9\u6784\u6210\u53db\u56fd\u7f6a\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f55\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u975e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bc1\u4eba\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u7136\u7684\u53db\u56fd\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6216\u7ecf\u7531\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u516c\u5f00\u6cd5\u5ead\u8ba4\u7f6a\u8005\uff0c\u5747\u4e0d\u5f97\u88ab\u5224\u53db\u56fd\u7f6a\u3002\u201d\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5c31\u8fa9\u62a4\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u4e5f\u8ba4\u53ef\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bc1\u4eba\u201d\u3001\u201c\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u516c\u5f00\u6cd5\u5ead\u8ba4\u7f6a\u201d\u4e3a\u5b9a\u7f6a\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6cd5\u6cbb\u793e\u4f1a\u5e38\u8bc6\uff1a\u7ef4\u62a4\u516c\u6b63\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bc1\u4eba\uff0c\u5f53\u5ead\u8ba4\u7f6a\u201d\u90a3\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u65b0\u95fb\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6c11\u95f4\u76d1\u7763\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5168\u90fd\u7f3a\u5e2d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f2a\u8bc1\uff0c\u627e\u4e24\u5343\u4e2a\u4f2a\u8bc1\u4e5f\u662f\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u8ba4\u7f6a\u201d\u5c31\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u5ba1\u5224\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de6\u7ffc\u653f\u515a\u5e26\u6765\u5f3a\u70c8\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5de5\u4eba\u515a\u201d\u5bf9\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u5ba1\u5224\u300b\uff08The Trial of the 21\uff09\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u548c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u4e49\u660e\u786e\u5212\u6e05\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ba1\u5224\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u540c\u7c7b\u5ba1\u5224\u4e2d\u6700\u9732\u9aa8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5ba1\u5224\u662f\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u8c0e\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u771f\u76f8\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c0e\u8a00\u80cc\u540e\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u5ba1\u5224\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u8003\u8651\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u548c\u5c0a\u4e25\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u4e3a\u7279\u6b8a\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684show trial\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de6\u7ffc\u653f\u515a\u4e2d\u8d77\u4e86\u76f8\u53cd\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u66f4\u8ba4\u5b9a\u82cf\u8054\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e2d\u7684\u5149\u660e\u5927\u9053\u6211\u4eec\u4e07\u4e07\u8d70\u4e0d\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u6cbb\u76f8\u5bf9\u5065\u5168\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u95f4\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7eb7\u7eb7\u51fa\u73b0\u8981\u548c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201c\u548c\u5e73\u5171\u5904\u201d\u3001\u8981\u8d70\u8bae\u4f1a\u9053\u8def\u7684\u201c\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8981\u575a\u6301\u4ee5\u6781\u7aef\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a8\u52a8\u9769\u547d\u53cd\u800c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u56de\u770b\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de6\u7ffc\u5bf9\u201c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4eba\u5ba1\u5224\u201d\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u4e3a\u5176\u8fa9\u62a4\u3001\u8fd8\u662f\u6301\u53cd\u5bf9\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u3002\u25a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7126\u8651\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3(6) \u4e1c\u65b9\u65e9\u62a5 2009-6-14 4:09:24 \u6234\u535a\u65af\u88c1\u51b3\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7ea2\u8272\u6d6a\u6f6e\u51b2\u51fb\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u60b2\u5267\uff0c\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u6b64\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u52b3\u8d44\u51b2\u7a81\u79cd\u79cd\u7684\u53cd\u7701\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5404\u79cd\u76f8\u5e94\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u3002 \u6797 \u8fbe (1894\u5e74\u7684 \u201c\u666e\u5c14\u66fc\u7f62\u5de5\u201d) \u666e\u904d\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u80cc\u666f \u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6050\u6016\u88ad\u51fb&#8230;<br \/><a class=\"read-more-button\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/?p=15689\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[62,10,65],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15689"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15689"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15689\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15689"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15689"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15689"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}