\u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u9996\u5e2d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e8b\u52a1\u8bc4\u8bba\u5458\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u6c83\u5c14\u592b(Martin Wolf)<\/p>\n
(\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u5e2d\u5377\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u91cd\u521b\u4e86\u6b27\u7f8e\u94f6\u884c\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u52a8\u6447\u4e86\u957f\u671f\u4e3b\u5bfc\u897f\u65b9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c06\u8d70\u5411\u4f55\u65b9\uff1f\u81ea\u5373\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u9080\u8bf7\u5168\u7403\u610f\u89c1\u9886\u8896\u548cFT\u8bc4\u8bba\u5bb6,\u5171\u8bdd\u201c\u5168\u7403\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u672a\u6765\u201d\u3002\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u662f\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bbaftchinese.editor@ft.com \u2014\u2014\u7f16\u8005)<\/p>\n
\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb30\u5e74\u95f4\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7740\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5047\u5b9a\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u95f4\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u5c31\u50cf\u9769\u547d\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u6837\u8fc7\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u82f1\u96c4\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u524d\u603b\u7edf\u7f57\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u91cc\u6839(Ronald Reagan)\u66fe\u7ecf\u8ba5\u8bbd\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u82f1\u6587\u4e2d\u6700\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u4e5d\u4e2a\u8bcd\u662f\uff1a\u2018\u6211\u6765\u81ea\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u6211\u6765\u5e2e\u5fd9\u3002’\u201d\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u5411\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u6ce8\u5165\u6570\u4ee5\u4e07\u4ebf\u8ba1\u7684\u7f8e\u5143\u3001\u6b27\u5143\u548c\u82f1\u9551\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bdd\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5df2\u6210\u4e86\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u683c\u6797\u65af\u6f58\u201c\u9519\u6115\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201c\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u574f\u4e8b\uff1b\u653e\u677e\u76d1\u7ba1\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u662f\u597d\u4e8b\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fe1\u5ff5\u600e\u80fd\u4e0d\u53d7\u6253\u51fb\uff1f\u53bb\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u827e\u8335\u00b7\u5170\u5fb7(Ayn Rand)\u7684\u95e8\u5f92\u3001\u524d\u4e9b\u5e74\u663e\u8d6b\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u592e\u884c\u638c\u95e8\u4eba\u827e\u4f26\u00b7\u683c\u6797\u65af\u6f58(Alan Greenspan)\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u4f5c\u8bc1\u65f6\u79f0\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u653e\u8d37\u673a\u6784\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5229\u76ca\u672a\u80fd\u4fdd\u62a4\u80a1\u4e1c\u80a1\u672c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5904\u4e8e\u201c\u4e00\u79cd\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u7684\u9519\u6115\u72b6\u6001\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb30\u5e74\u95f4\u7684\u4eb2\u5e02\u573a\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u4eba\u4eec\u773c\u4e2d\u51ef\u6069\u65af\u6df7\u5408\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u66fe\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u300160\u548c70\u5e74\u4ee3\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u8f6c\u5411\u6ce8\u91cd\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u88ab\u4eba\u4e0e1980\u5e74\u91cc\u6839\u5f53\u9009\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u548c\u6b64\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u739b\u683c\u4e3d\u7279\u00b7\u6492\u5207\u5c14(Margaret Thatcher)\u5f53\u9009\u82f1\u56fd\u9996\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7f8e\u8054\u50a8(Federal Reserve)\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4fdd\u7f57\u00b7\u6c83\u5c14\u514b(Paul Volcker)\u5728\u6839\u6cbb\u901a\u80c0\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e5f\u51e0\u4e4e\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728\u5851\u9020\u7740\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u4ece\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d70\u5411\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5f0f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u57281989\u5e74\u81f31991\u5e74\u57ae\u53f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u57281991\u5e74\u540e\u544a\u522b\u5185\u5411\u578b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3001\u51b7\u6218\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\uff08\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff09\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u4eba\u52a0\u5165\u5feb\u901f\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4eae\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5728\u5de8\u5927\u5168\u7403\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u540c\u6b65\u6ed1\u5761\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u6b63\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5927\u8111\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5982\u6b64\u9ad8\u6602\u7684\u6551\u52a9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u91cc\u6839\u770b\u4e0d\u8d77\u653f\u5e9c\u804c\u80fd\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u600e\u4e48\u7ad9\u5f97\u4f4f\u811a\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u8fd8\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u6b63\u8d70\u5411\u4f55\u5904\u3002\u5728\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u4eba\u731c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\uff1a\u9a6f\u670d\u901a\u80c0\u3001\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c06\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5c1a\u672a\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u4ecd\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u91d1\u878d\u5d29\u6e83\u4e0e\u4e00\u6b21\u4e25\u91cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u52bf\u5fc5\u5c06\u6539\u53d8\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u5c06\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u5c06\u53d7\u5230\u635f\u5bb3\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5a01\u4fe1\u5c06\u6709\u6240\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u5168\u7403\u5316\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u632b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u8361\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8d70\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8d70\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u542b\u6709\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u706d\u4ea1\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\uff1a\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u76c8\u5229\u80fd\u529b\u51fa\u73b0\u5de8\u5e45\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u521b\u65b0\u7ade\u76f8\u8ff8\u53d1\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5931\u8861\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5927\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5927\u4e3e\u501f\u503a\uff0c\u8d44\u4ea7\u4ef7\u683c\u51fa\u73b0\u6ce1\u6cab\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5168\u7403\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u98ce\u66b4\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\u503a\u52a1\u603b\u989d\u4ece1981\u5e74\u5360\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c22%\uff0c\u98d9\u5347\u81f32008\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b63\u5ea6\u5360117%\u3002\u5728\u4e25\u91cd\u4f9d\u8d56\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\u503a\u52a1\u603b\u989d\u8fbe\u5230GDP\u7684\u8fd1250%\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5927\u5b66(University of Maryland)\u7684\u5361\u95e8\u00b7\u83b1\u56e0\u54c8\u7279(Carmen Reinhart)\u548c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66(Harvard)\u7684\u80af\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7\u7f57\u683c\u592b(Kenneth Rogoff)\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e5f\u662f\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u683c\u5916\u9891\u53d1\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u81ea1900\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u53ea\u670930\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u8fd8\u662f\u8d44\u4ea7\u4ef7\u683c\u5f62\u6210\u5927\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u65b0\u5174\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u901a\u8fc7\u5e72\u9884\u4ee5\u538b\u4f4e\u672c\u56fd\u8d27\u5e01\u6c47\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u79ef\u7d2f\u5916\u6c47\u50a8\u5907\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u989d\u7ecf\u5e38\u8d26\u6237\u76c8\u4f59\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76c8\u4f59\uff0c\u8fde\u540c\u79c1\u4eba\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u6d41\u5165\uff0c\u518d\u5faa\u73af\u6210\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u6d41\u51fa\uff1a\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u81f32008\u5e747\u6708\u9876\u5cf0\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5355\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5916\u6c47\u50a8\u5907\u5c31\u589e\u52a0\u4e865.3\u4e07\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de8\u989d\u8d44\u672c\u6d41\u52a8\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u82e5\u5e72\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u76c8\u4f59\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u77f3\u6cb9\u8f93\u51fa\u56fd\u5bb6\u66b4\u589e\u7684\u76c8\u4f59\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u672c\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u6d41\u5165\u5c11\u6570\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u5728\u9876\u5cf0\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u66fe\u5438\u6536\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u65b9\u8fc7\u5269\u50a8\u84c4\u768470%\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u503a\u52a1\u5360GDP\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u4ece1997\u5e74\u768466%\uff0c\u4e0a\u5347\u81f310\u5e74\u540e\u7684100%\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u503a\u52a1\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u7684\u98d9\u5347\u3002\u5bb6\u5ead\u503a\u52a1\u7684\u6fc0\u589e\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u5584\u4e8e\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd8\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\u4e00\u523b\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u4f20\u5947\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u6c83\u4f26\u00b7\u5df4\u83f2\u7279(Warren Buffett)\u66fe\u5c06\u884d\u751f\u54c1\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e3a\u201c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u91d1\u878d\u6740\u4f24\u6b66\u5668\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8bdd\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u30022000\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u201c\u5f71\u5b50\u94f6\u884c\u4f53\u7cfb\u201d\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u94f6\u884c\u4e1a\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u88ab\u201c\u751f\u6210-\u5206\u9500\u201d\u7684\u8bc1\u5238\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u62b5\u62bc\u503a\u52a1\u503a\u5238\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u57282007\u5e74\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n
30\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u5371\u9669\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u76ee\u51fb\u81ea\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u6df1\u3001\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u548c\u6700\u5371\u9669\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u83b1\u56e0\u54c8\u7279\u6559\u6388\u548c\u7f57\u683c\u592b\u6559\u6388\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u94f6\u884c\u4e1a\u5371\u673a\u4e0e\u4ea7\u51fa\u548c\u5c31\u4e1a\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e0b\u6ed1\u5b58\u5728\u5173\u8054\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u4e3e\u503a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u8d1f\u503a\u8868\uff1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u503a\u52a1\u603b\u989d\u8fbe\u5230\u5360GDP\u7565\u4f4e\u4e8e350%\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u9876\u5cf0\uff08\u5176\u4e2d85%\u4e3a\u79c1\u8425\u90e8\u95e8\u503a\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e1980\u5e74\u7684\u7565\u9ad8\u4e8e160%\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u573a\u51b2\u51fb\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed3\u5c40\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5177\u6709\u5927\u989d\u5916\u90e8\u8d64\u5b57\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3a\u4fdd\u6301\u9700\u6c42\u800c\u80cc\u4e0a\u5de8\u989d\u4e14\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u8d64\u5b57\uff1b\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\uff1b\u5168\u7403\u56fd\u9645\u6536\u652f\u7684\u65e0\u60c5\u8c03\u6574\uff1b\u901a\u80c0\u98d9\u5347\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u56fd\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\u672c\u8eab\u52bf\u5fc5\u51fa\u73b0\u6700\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u91d1\u878d\u80fd\u591f\u628a\u98ce\u9669\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed9\u6700\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7ba1\u7406\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u98ce\u9669\u88ab\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed9\u4e86\u6700\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7406\u89e3\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6c83\u5c14\u514b\u5728\u53bb\u5e744\u6708\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u8a00\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u95ea\u4eae\u7684\u65b0\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u624d\u534e\u6a2a\u6ea2\u7684\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u5374\u8fd8\u662f\u7ecf\u4e0d\u8d77\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u8003\u9a8c\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u592e\u884c(Bank of England)\u91d1\u878d\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e8b\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u8463\u4e8b\u5b89\u5fb7\u9c81\u2022\u970d\u5c14\u4e39(Andrew Haldane)\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u94f6\u884c\u5bf9\u5176\u5e94\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6709\u591a\u4e48\u7684\u5c11\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5931\u8d25\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u201c\u707e\u96be\u77ed\u89c6\u201d(disaster myopia\uff0c\u6307\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f4e\u4f30\u98ce\u9669)\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u5916\u90e8\u6027\u201d(network externalities\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u5bb6\u673a\u6784\u5bf9\u5176\u5b83\u673a\u6784\u7684\u6ea2\u51fa\u6548\u5e94)\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u4e0d\u534f\u8c03\u6fc0\u52b1\u63aa\u65bd\u201d(misaligned incentives\uff0c\u5bf9\u5458\u5de5\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u5bf9\u80a1\u4e1c\u548c\u7eb3\u7a0e\u4eba\u4e0d\u5229)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u6b21\u5371\u673a\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80af\u5b9a\u201c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u90a3\u4e48\u81ea\u8c6a\u5730\u770b\u5f85\u91d1\u878d\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf1925\u5e74\u90b1\u5409\u5c14\u6240\u6e34\u671b\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u5e02\u573a\u5c06\u5236\u5b9a\u4e25\u9177\uff08\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u7684\uff09\u7684\u7eaa\u5f8b\u3002\u76d1\u7ba1\u4e5f\u4f1a\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u592a\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u8003\u8651\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u8865\u6551\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a\u5c06\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u5546\u4e1a\u94f6\u884c\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0e\u6295\u884c\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u79bb\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u8feb\u7f29\u51cf\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u89c4\u6a21\u592a\u5927\u6216\u5173\u8054\u6027\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7d27\u5bc6\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7834\u4ea7\u7684\u673a\u6784\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u653f\u5e9c\u53d1\u6325\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u94f6\u884c\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u5c06\u56de\u5f52\u672c\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5c06\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u653e\u677e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u201d(de-globalisation)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u90b1\u5409\u5c14\u8fd8\u8981\u6c42\u5de5\u4e1a\u8981\u53d8\u5f97\u201c\u66f4\u77e5\u8db3\u201d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u77ed\u671f\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5d29\u6e83\u6b63\u5e26\u6765\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u5168\u7403\u6027\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e0b\u6ed1\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u5b9e\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb8\u591a\u884c\u4e1a\u6b63\u5927\u58f0\u547c\u5524\u63f4\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u4e3a\u529f\u80fd\u7d0a\u4e71\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4f9d\u8d56\u80a1\u4e1c\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f15\u5bfc\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5462\uff1f\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u80a1\u6743\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u91d1\u878d\u673a\u6784\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb18\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u80af\u5b9a\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u611a\u8822\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u4f1a\u603b\u7ed3\u9053\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba9\u91d1\u878d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u6216\u5e02\u573a\u51cc\u9a7e\u4e8e\u516c\u53f8\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u8ba9\u516c\u53f8\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u51b3\u5b9a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u66f4\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4fdd\u62a4\u516c\u53f8\u4e0d\u53d7\u6d3b\u8dc3\u80a1\u4e1c\u88ad\u51fb\u7684\u610f\u613f\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80a1\u4e1c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u51b2\u57fa\u91d1\u3001\u79c1\u4eba\u80a1\u672c\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\u4e27\u5931\u5176\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u201c\u76ce\u683c\u9c81-\u6492\u514b\u900a\u201d\u5f0f\u7b56\u7565\u5c24\u5176\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8d27\u5e01\u653f\u7b56\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e5f\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5171\u8bc6\u4e00\u76f4\u652f\u6301\u8d27\u5e01\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u653f\u7b56\u8d23\u4efb\u5206\u79bb\u3001\u8ba9\u8d22\u653f\u653f\u7b56\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u592e\u884c\u72ec\u7acb\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee4\u8d27\u5e01\u653f\u7b56\u8f6c\u5411\u9488\u5bf9\u901a\u80c0\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5229\u7387\u5df2\u63a5\u8fd1\u96f6\uff0c\u8d27\u5e01\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u653f\u7b56\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5df2\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u66f4\u6839\u672c\u7684\u662f\u6311\u6218\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u8d27\u5e01\u653f\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5ffd\u89c6\u8d44\u4ea7\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8fa9\u79f0\uff0c\u63a5\u66ff\u6c83\u5c14\u514b\u7684\u683c\u6797\u65af\u6f58\u4e3a\u6ce1\u6cab\u4ee5\u53ca\u968f\u540e\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u7834\u88c2\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u6ce1\u6cab\u5e76\u6233\u7834\u5b83\uff0c\u5728\u6ce1\u6cab\u7834\u88c2\u540e\u6536\u62fe\u6b8b\u5c40\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u5728\u53bb\u5e7411\u6708\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u8054\u50a8\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u2022\u79d1\u6069(Donald Kohn)\u91cd\u7533\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f20\u7edf\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ed6\u6d41\u9732\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e1d\u4e0d\u81ea\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n
\u79d1\u6069\u73b0\u5728\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6295\u673a\u6027\u7e41\u8363\u4e0e\u8427\u6761\uff08\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u7ecf\u5386\u6570\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u5b8c\u6210\uff09\u5bf9\u5b9e\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u660e\u663e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ecf\u6d4e\u524d\u666f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c31\u4f34\u968f\u800c\u6765\u7684\u5408\u7406\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5229\u7387\u9053\u8def\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u65f6\uff0c\u592e\u884c\u53ef\u80fd\u5e94\u52aa\u529b\u957f\u671f\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u60d5\u201d\u3002\u592e\u884c\u5fc5\u987b\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u901a\u8fc7\u8d27\u5e01\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u7ba1\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5168\u7403\u8870\u9000\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u9020\u6210\u8fdc\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u5927\u8427\u6761(Great Depression)\u65f6\u671f\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5427\u3002\u5931\u4e1a\u4eba\u6570\u589e\u81f3\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56fd\u5bb6\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u957f\u8fbe\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u5d29\u6e83\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u589e\u5f3a\u5e76\u4ee4\u8bb8\u591a\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u8f6c\u5411\u8fdb\u53e3\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u53d1\u5c55\u6218\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5927\u8427\u6761\u8fd8\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4ec7\u5916\u60c5\u7eea\u548c\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u88ab\u5413\u574f\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u53d8\u5f97\u5c01\u95ed\u8d77\u6765\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5185\u90e8\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u516c\u5f00\u5212\u6e05\u754c\u9650\u30021930\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7eb3\u7cb9\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u6c11\u4f1718%\u7684\u9009\u7968\uff1b1932\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u8427\u6761\u9ad8\u6f6e\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u5b57\u66fe\u5347\u81f337%\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u662f\u5bf9\u85aa\u916c\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u90fd\u6b63\u5bf9\u63a5\u53d7\u63f4\u52a9\u7684\u673a\u6784\u7684\u85aa\u8d44\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u76f4\u63a5\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4ece\u65e0\u6cd5\u60f3\u8c61\u5230\u53d8\u6210\u4e60\u60ef\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u540c\u6837\u660e\u663e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u80fd\u529b\u51fa\u4f17\u7684\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u5de8\u989d\u916c\u91d1\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff1b\u4f46\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4ee3\u4ef7\u9ad8\u6602\u7684\u4e0d\u80dc\u4efb\u7684\u8865\u507f\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u8f83\u5bcc\u88d5\u4eba\u58eb\u5f81\u6536\u7684\u8fb9\u9645\u7a0e\u7387\u6b63\u518d\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u628a\u517b\u8001\u50a8\u84c4\u4ece\u653f\u5e9c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u73b0\u6536\u73b0\u4ed8(pay-as-you-go)\u4f53\u7cfb\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u5c06\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u524d\u3002\u4f46\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u6295\u8d44\u83b7\u5229\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u5374\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u3002\u4e0e\u5e02\u573a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e5f\u505a\u8fc7\u4e86\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u7684\u8ffd\u5bfb\u5c06\u52a0\u5f3a\u653f\u6cbb\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u8f6c\u5411\u653f\u6cbb\u5fc5\u987b\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u8f6c\u5411\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u8fdc\u79bb\u56fd\u9645\u3002\u5728\u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5df2\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u3002\u51b3\u5fc3\u63f4\u6551\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u5546\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e5f\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e72\u9884\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8d8a\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u4e3a\u65f6\u5c1a\u65e9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u573a\u5371\u673a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u5174\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5c06\u5c24\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\uff1a\u6781\u5ea6\u8d2b\u56f0\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u5c06\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u65b0\u5174\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u5c06\u51cf\u5c0f\u3001\u540c\u65f6\u4e00\u4e9b\u80cc\u8d1f\u503a\u52a1\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u8fdd\u7ea6\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672c\u56fd\u548c\u5168\u7403\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3001\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e02\u573a\u751a\u81f3\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5c06\u4e0b\u6ed1\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u9020\u6210\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u7834\u574f\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u591a\u6570\u65b0\u5174\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5bf9\u8fd9\u573a\u5371\u673a\u6beb\u65e0\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b83\u4eec\u6446\u8131\u5371\u673a\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6574\u4e2a\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09\u5f71\u54cd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u5c06\u906d\u5230\u7834\u574f\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5d29\u6e83\uff08\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u5219\u5728\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\uff09\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u201c\u5355\u6781\u65f6\u523b\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ee4\u4eba\u7f9e\u6127\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u6b65\u5c65\u7ef4\u8270\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u4e5f\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u7834\u574f\u3002\u8c01\u8fd8\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8001\u5e08\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u5c06\u5371\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u7ba1\u7406\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e76\u5e94\u5bf9\u6218\u7565\u6027\u6311\u6218\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff1a\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u6743\u3001\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u5174\u5927\u56fd\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u3002\u4ece\u6781\u7aef\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u73b0\u5728\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5012\u9000\u3002\u5168\u7403\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4ee5\u524d\u5386\u65f6\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9677\u4e8e\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n
2007\u5e746\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u201c\u65b0\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u201c\u672a\u7ecf\u53d7\u8003\u9a8c\u201d\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u8003\u9a8c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6765\u4e34\uff1a\u5b83\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u3002\u91d1\u878d\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u6211\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u5904\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u582a\u8428\u65af\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u6843\u4e50\u831c(Dorothy\uff0c\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u300a\u7eff\u91ce\u4ed9\u8e2a\u300b\u7ae5\u8bdd\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u4e3b\u89d2)\u8bf4\u9053\uff0c\u6b64\u524d\u4e00\u573a\u9f99\u5377\u98ce\u628a\u5979\u3001\u5979\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u5979\u7684\u72d7\u5439\u5230\u4e86\u5965\u5179\u57ce(OZ)\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb30\u5e74\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5df2\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u91d1\u878d\u9f99\u5377\u98ce\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u964d\u843d\u81f3\u4f55\u5904\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bd1\u8005\/\u548c\u98ce \u4f55\u9ece<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u62ef\u6551\u5168\u7403\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong><\/p>\n \u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u793e\u8bc4<\/p>\n J.K.\u52a0\u5c14\u5e03\u96f7\u65af(J.K. Galbraith)\u5199\u9053\uff0c1929\u5e74\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4e0e1066\u5e74\u30011776\u5e74\u30011914\u5e74\u30011945\u5e74\u548c1989\u5e74\u76f8\u5f53\u3002\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u514b\u670d\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5d29\u6e83\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u2014\u2014\u53ca\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u540e\u679c\u2014\u2014\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u5f53\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u7eb5\u7136\u672c\u8f6e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ca\u5927\u8427\u6761(Great Depression)\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002\u672c\u5468\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u672a\u6765\u201d\u7cfb\u5217\u4e13\u9898\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8fd8\u5c06\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e0b\u4e2a\u670820\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2(G20)\u4f26\u6566\u5cf0\u4f1a\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec8\u7ed3\u672c\u8f6e\u5168\u7403\u6027\u5371\u673a\u7684\u6210\u529f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n \u672c\u8f6e\u5371\u673a\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5f71\u54cd\u5df2\u76f8\u5f53\u5de8\u5927\u3002\u8d27\u5e01\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u683c\u6797\u65af\u6f58\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(Greenspanist)\u5b66\u8bf4\u5f00\u59cb\u9000\u907f\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5728\u8d44\u4ea7\u4ef7\u683c\u6ce1\u6cab\u4ecd\u4e0d\u6210\u89c4\u6a21\u65f6\u5c31\u6233\u7834\u5b83\uff0c\u592e\u884c\u5728\u6ce1\u6cab\u7834\u706d\u540e\u518d\u6574\u987f\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u8f83\u5c0f\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u628a\u63e1\u3002\u8d27\u5e01\u5f53\u5c40\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u62c5\u5fc3\u91d1\u878d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5168\u7403\u5931\u8861\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u5c11\u6570\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f97\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u5de8\u989d\u76c8\u4f59\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u5219\u51fa\u73b0\u5de8\u989d\u8d64\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n \u91d1\u878d\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u5df2\u65e0\u53ef\u633d\u56de\u3002\u66fe\u7ecf\u72ec\u81ea\u9614\u6b65\u524d\u884c\u7684\u5e9e\u5927\u6295\u8d44\u94f6\u884c\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u4e1a\u5df2\u5012\u95ed\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u96f6\u552e\u94f6\u884c\u7684\u884c\u5217\u3002\u5bf9\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u673a\u6784\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5982\u4eca\u6210\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u501f\u6b3e\u4eba\u3001\u8d37\u6b3e\u4eba\u3001\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u548c\u4fdd\u9669\u5546\u3002\u91d1\u878d\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u4ece\u88ab\u8feb\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9519\u7efc\u590d\u6742\u7684\u62c5\u4fdd\u4e2d\u89e3\u8131\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u800c\u5371\u673a\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c06\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u96be\u6613\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u6bb5\u63d2\u66f2\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5c1a\u4e0d\u660e\u6717\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u8ba9\u653f\u5e9c\u7834\u4ea7\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u672a\u6765\u6570\u5e74\u5e94\u5bf9\u975e\u540c\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u7d27\u7f29\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u51fa\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u5f71\u54cd\u2014\u2014\u53ca\u5176\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u540e\u679c\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\u7ec8\u7ed3\u7684\u65e9\u665a\u3002<\/p>\n \u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u4f46\u6df1\u5ea6\u8427\u6761\u6216\u4e0d\u666f\u6c14\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u4eba\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u79f0\u547c\u2014\u2014\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u541e\u566c\u4e86\u5e78\u798f\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u65e7\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c\u65e5\u6108\u52a0\u6df1\u7684\u8d2b\u56f0\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u9769\u547d\u5f80\u5f80\u4ece\u6c11\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u800c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u505c\u6ede\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u559c\u6b22\u6311\u8d77\u4e0e\u90bb\u56fd\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5fc5\u987b\u6062\u590d\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n 1933\u5e74\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u89c4\u6a21\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u6062\u590d\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6218\u6597\u671f\u95f4\u2014\u201466\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u9f50\u805a\u4f26\u6566\uff0c\u5173\u7a0e\u548c\u6012\u6c14\u540c\u6837\u9ad8\u6da8\u3002\u65b0\u5f53\u9009\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5bcc\u5170\u514b\u6797\u2022\u7f57\u65af\u798f(Franklin Roosevelt)\u6d3e\u51fa\u4ee3\u8868\u53c2\u52a0\u6b64\u6b21\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u8d27\u5e01\u4f1a\u8bae\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u590d\u82cf\u7684\u9884\u5907\u7ad9\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bae\u5c31\u7834\u88c2\u4e86\u3002\u4f26\u656620\u56fd\u5cf0\u4f1a\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u906d\u9047\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u3002\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u5c31\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u70b9\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u9700\u6c42\u5728\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u523a\u6fc0\u63aa\u65bd\u5f88\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u6700\u6709\u4f59\u5730\u589e\u52a0\u56fd\u5185\u652f\u51fa\u7684\u987a\u5dee\u56fd\u5bb6\u2014\u2014\u7279\u522b\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u2014\u2014\u76ee\u524d\u505a\u5f97\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u9f13\u52b1\u4e25\u8083\u7684\u652f\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6b63\u7ecf\u53d7\u7740\u6700\u6025\u5267\u7684\u6536\u7f29\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c4\u51fa\u53e3\u56fd\u53d8\u6210\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8fdb\u53e3\u56fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u62b5\u5236\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u96be\u5ea6\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n \u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc5\u987b\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u89e3\u51b3\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u968f\u7740\u66f4\u591a\u8d44\u4ea7\u5728\u8870\u9000\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0d\u826f\u8d44\u4ea7\uff0c\u59cb\u4e8e\u62b5\u62bc\u62c5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5238\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u8513\u5ef6\u3002\u653f\u5ba2\u4eec\u52a1\u5fc5\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u94f6\u884c\u4f53\u7cfb\u8d44\u672c\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u672c\u573a\u5371\u673a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6d41\u901a\u6027\u7684\u8bc1\u5238\u3002<\/p>\n \u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc5\u987b\u8d5e\u540c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u8d27\u5e01\u57fa\u91d1\u7ec4\u7ec7(IMF)\u62e8\u5907\u66f4\u591a\u8d44\u91d1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e1c\u6b27\u3001\u4e9a\u6d32\u6216\u5357\u7f8e\u76f8\u7ee7\u7a81\u7136\u7206\u53d1\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u672c\u8f6e\u8870\u9000\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u65b0\u7bc7\u7ae0\u3002IMF\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u50a8\u5907\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u5145\u8db3\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u53d1\u884c\u7279\u522b\u63d0\u6b3e\u6743(SDR)\u2014\u2014IMF\u81ea\u6709\u7684\u50a8\u5907\u8d44\u4ea7\u2014\u2014\u7684\u4e3b\u610f\u76f8\u5f53\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u6295\u7968\u6743\u91cd\u2014\u2014\u63d0\u5347\u4e9a\u6d32\u6bd4\u91cd\uff0c\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u6b27\u6d32\u6bd4\u91cd\u2014\u2014\u65e2\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u53d6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u5c31\u6b64\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ed9\u4e88\u653f\u5ba2\u4eec\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7b49\u5f31\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\uff09\u91c7\u53d6\u5fc5\u8981\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5e4c\u5b50\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u7edf\u4e00\u6218\u7ebf\u5f88\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u6709\u5173\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e7f\u9614\u524d\u666f\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u6682\u65f6\u6401\u7f6e\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u5b9a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8fd8\u6709\u672a\u6765\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u6d3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u53cd\u590d\u601d\u91cf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u7ec6\u679d\u672b\u8282\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u907f\u7a0e\u5929\u5802\u6216\u94f6\u884c\u5bb6\u85aa\u916c\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\u2014\u2014\u7684\u7ea0\u7f20\u4f1a\u963b\u788d\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u88c1\u51b3\u5c06\u662f\u6bc1\u706d\u6027\u7684\u3002\u9009\u6c11\u4e0d\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u4ec1\u6148\u3002\u773c\u4e0b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u7ec8\u7ed3\u8fd9\u573a\u4e25\u9177\u7684\u8870\u9000\u3002<\/p>\n \u8bd1\u8005\/\u9648\u4e91\u98de<\/p>\n \u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u524d\u591c<\/strong><\/p>\n \u8bfb\u8005\uff1a\u98d3\u98ce<\/p>\n FT\u4e2d\u6587\u7f51\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a <\/p>\n \u8bfb\u4e86\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u62ef\u6551\u5168\u7403\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u8d44\u672c\u5e02\u573a\u81ea\u7531\u516c\u5e73\u7ade\u4e89\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u53d6\u5411\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n \u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ece\u66f4\u9ad8\u66f4\u8fdc\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6c42\u7406\u60f3\u5316\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e3a\u4ef7\u503c\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u6ca1\u592a\u5927\u7684\u51fa\u5165\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u81ea\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\u6b63\u662f\u901a\u5411\u672a\u6765\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u524d\u591c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u81ea\u8eab\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u65e0\u6cd5\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u552f\u5229\u662f\u56fe\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4ee5\u5229\u76ca\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u975e\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u606a\u5b88\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6ee5\u5e8f\u7ade\u4e89\u4e0b\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u8fc7\u5269\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5806\u79ef\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u8df5\u8e0f\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u89c4\u5f8b\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u65e0\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u62a5\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f53\u5e74\u7f8e\u5143\u5728\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u8d27\u5e01\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u51ed\u501f\u7f8e\u5143\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5feb\u901f\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u5370\u5236\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u65e0\u507f\u652b\u53d6\u4e16\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u8eab\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u5370\u5236\u901f\u5ea6\u518d\u5feb\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u72ec\u81ea\u6311\u8d77\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5927\u6881\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u5de8\u989d\u5916\u503a\u800c\u903c\u5f97\u5fc3\u788e\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5b50\uff0c\u7406\u5e94\u5c3d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee5\u524d\u6b20\u4e0b\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u503a\u52a1\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee5\u4f55\u507f\u8fd8\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n \u4ee5\u8fc7\u5ea6\u900f\u652f\u672a\u6765\u6536\u76ca\u505a\u94fa\u57ab\u800c\u5806\u79ef\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u9ad8\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u5176\u6d88\u8d39\u80fd\u529b\u7a76\u7adf\u8fd8\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1f\u6211\u770b\u62ef\u6551\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd8\u662f\u4ece\u62ef\u6551\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u672a\u6765\u7684\u503a\u52a1\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e16\u754c\u786e\u5b9e\u5230\u4e86\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8d27\u5e01\u6765\u5171\u540c\u627f\u62c5\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u5bb6\u56ed\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e86\u3002 <\/p>\n \u8bfb\u8005\uff1a\u98d3\u98ce<\/p>\n \u6ce8\uff1a\u8bfb\u8005\u6765\u4fe1\u4ec5\u4ee3\u8868\u8bfb\u8005\u672c\u4eba\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u9996\u5e2d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e8b\u52a1\u8bc4\u8bba\u5458\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u6c83\u5c14\u592b(Martin Wolf) (\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u5e2d\u5377\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u91cd\u521b\u4e86\u6b27\u7f8e\u94f6\u884c\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u52a8\u6447\u4e86\u957f\u671f\u4e3b\u5bfc\u897f\u65b9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c06\u8d70\u5411\u4f55\u65b9\uff1f\u81ea\u5373\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u9080\u8bf7\u5168\u7403\u610f\u89c1\u9886\u8896\u548cFT\u8bc4\u8bba\u5bb6,\u5171\u8bdd\u201c\u5168\u7403\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u672a\u6765\u201d\u3002\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u662f\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\uff0c\u6b22…
Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10,91],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10316"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10316"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10316\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10316"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10316"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jackjia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10316"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}